الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of the present study is to clarify the effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nymphaea caerulea seeds administration on number of mounts, mating ability,. fertility, LH, FSH, testosterone concentrations in serum and on liver, kidney, heart, cerebrum functions as well as oxidative stress and antioxidant fsysz&a? or ctscts, rfrer, &aAey ana”’rfearT QfaCcodo&c and’ i diabetic rats. In addition to fasting and post-prandial insulin and C-peptide levels were detected in serum of rats. ptochemical analysis revealed the presence of glycosides carbohydrates, alkaloides and/or basic nitrogenous Bes, flavonoides, tannins and unsaturated sterol and/or but didn’t contain resins and saponins. It was observed aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the tested plant were tsyz 980 mg/kg b.wt. respectively. c obtained data were subjected for statistical analysis and the following: treatment of alcoholic and diabetic rats produced a increase in the number of mounts/I 5 minutes after I hours of meeting. The treatment of these animals with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of lotus seeds induced a potential increase in mounting and fertility. On the other hand, diabetic animals treated with aqueous extracts of lotus induced a nonsignificant increase in mating ability. The treatment of alcoholic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts unable to lower the elevation in serum alcohol concentration. The treatment of diabetic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced a profound decrease in fasting and post-prandial serum glucose concentration. The treatment of diabetic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced a significant increase of the insulin and C-peptide levels. The ethanolic extract administration, on the other hand, induced no significant change of serum insulin concentration, while it produced a significant (P<0.01) increase of serum C-peptide level. The treatment of alcoholic and diabetic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced a potential increase of the lowered serum LH and testosterone levels. With regards to the serum FSH level, the effect of ethanolic extract was significant in both alcoholic and diabetic groups while the effect of aqueous extract was not. The treatment of alcoholic and diabetic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts also produced a non-significant change of triglycerides level. The serum total cholesterol was remarkably decreasedjin the diabetic and alcoholic treated groups. The treatment with aqueous and ethanolic extracts produced a significant decrease in HDL-cholesterol levels while the effect on LDL-cholesterol and vLDL-cholesterol was not significant. The ratios of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol were vigorously elevated in the alcoholic groups. The treatment of alcoholic and diabetic rats with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced more elevation of serum AST activity with the exception of diabetic group treated with aqueous extract. ALT activity was more elevated in alcoholic ” and diabetic groups treated with aqueous extracts. Serum ALP F was significantly more elevated in the all treated groups except ’ for the alcoholic animals treated with aqueous extract. The GGT activity was significantly increased in all treated groups. ; The serum total bilirubin concentration was significantly decreased in the aqueous extract treated rats, significantly increased in rats treated with ethanolic extract. The treatment with aqueous extract produced a significant increase in serum albumin level in alcoholic and diabetic rats. The treatment with aqueous and ethanolic extract induced a potential decrease in serum uric acid concentration. With regards to urea concentration, only the treatment with the ethanolic extract succeeded to decrease significantly in the alcoholic animals. The treatment with aqueous and ethanolic extracts failed to decrease significantly the elevated values of serum creatinine level which more deleteriously affected. Urea/creatinine was markedly increased in diabetic rats and profoundly decreased after treatment. | The treatment with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced more increases in CK-MB in the diabetic rats but serum LDH activity was not significantly affected in all tested groups. (13) With regards to cerebellar cholinesterase activity and I’ monoamines concentration, they were commonly decreased in alcoholic and diabetic rats. With few exceptions, the treatment of these animals with the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nymphaea caerulea seeds induced a marked increase of the diminished values of these parameters. With regards to the oxidative stress and antioxidant t defense system, lipid peroxidation in testis, liver, kidney and heart was profoundly elevated in alcoholic and diabetic rats, f However, the changes of glutathione and total thiols content in I various organs of these animals were controversial; they were decreased in testis and liver of alcoholic and diabetic rats, but it increased in kidney and heart. With the exception of the I kidney, the treatment with aqueous and ethanolic extracts induced a marked increase of glutathione and total thiols content in other tested organs. Although most of the testis f antioxidant enzymes were detectably suppressed in alcoholic and diabetic rats and increased after treatment of these animals with aqueous and ethanolic extracts, the data of these enzymes in other tested organs were controversial. In conclusion, this study may help to find new agents to treat male sexual disorders. The present study provides evidence that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Nymphaea caerulea seeds induced a potential increase of the lowered serum LH, FSH and testosterone levels and induced a potential increase in mounting, mating ability and fertility. They may have an improvement effects in reducing the elevated blood glucose level and increasing serum insulin level in diabetes. In addition, the extracts may reduced the elevated serum cholesterol level in diabetic animals. Thus, the present study i may give evident that Nymphaea caerulea is a potent stimulator of sexual behavior, particularly of sexual arousal in male rats, and that it promotes the expression of masculine sexual Ibehavior in previously sexually inactive animals. The present study also high lights that the amelioration in the altered.