الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out in Horticultural Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University during the two successive autumn seasons of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 unheated plastic greenhouse at the Experimental Research Center of Minia University at Shousha region, west Samalout The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of two varieties of peppers to three sources of organic manures. Imported seeds of two varieties i.e. Super-Nor F1 hybrid (hot pepper) and Walter F1 hybrid (sweet pepper) produced by Swiss and Groat Company (Holland) were used. whereas, the three organic manures were Cattle, Pigeon and compost applied at the rate of 0.03, 0.015 and 0.02 m3/m2 soil, respectively. Four weeks later, the soil was formed into ridges, each ridge was 40 m length and one meter width. Transplanting was done on both sides of each ridge in hills, hills were 40 cm apart as single plant per hill. The seeds of each varieties were sown on June 28th in both seasons in trays (84 cells) filled with 1 : 1 by volume peatmoss and vermiculite media. The seedlings were transplanted after 50 days from sowing to the unheated plastic greenhouse. Three weeks after transplanting, a recommended fertigation program was applied in the plastic greenhouse of 40 meter long, 8.5 meter width, 3.25 meter height. The plastic cover was local treated polyethylene sheet of 1 meter width and 200 microns thickness. Treatments were arranged in three replicates using a split plot design. The results obtained on growth and yield characters often showed that the application of manures significantly increased growth and yield characters, in both seasons. The highest growth and yield characters were attained from the treatment of pigeon manure compared to control in both seasons. The treatment of compost ranked as second on its effect on growth and yield characters and surpassed that of cattle manure, in both seasons.
Thereby the importance of the organic fertilization i.e. the clean cultivation become clear for its great benefits in solving and controlling the problems of using the harmful chemicals such as pesticides and else which have bad effects on the life stock. It also works as a conservator to the natural soil and water sources and improve soil texture.
There has to be an interest in organic cultivation in Egypt and the World through encouraging the specialists in scientific research and investing the new reclaimed lands in Egypt such as toshki, east Owinat and South Sinai. There has to be an effective role from media in clarifying the importance of organic cultivation in Egypt through concentrating on the importance of increasing food products and detecting the risks of using some technologies in agriculture such as genetic engineering and the excessive use of hormones and harmful chemicals that cause dangerous diseases such as cancer, hepatitis and failure of renal functions so it is important to recommend using the natural alternatives of organic and biologic fertilizers.
The farmers of hot and sweet pepper in sandy soils or fertility poor soils in soils that irrigate using drip irrigation system are recommended using pigeon manure at the rate of 0.015 m3 / m2 of soil or compost at 0.02 m3 / m2 in order to attain the maximum yield with high quality and nutritional value.