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Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for morbidity and mortality in human, animals and plants, this bacterium has been regarded to be widely present in terrestrial and fresh water environment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is very crucial, as epidemics may spread rapidly and was highly distributed in environment so this study was conducted to detect isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from different sources (milk, water and chicken) and identification bacteriologically, biochemically, serotyping, antibiotic sensitivity, virulence factor and plasmid profile.
A total of 47 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 16 isolates of milk origin, 9 isolates of water sources, 22 isolates of chicken origin and all isolates were studied biochemically and gave the same biochemical reaction of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serological identification of the 47 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were:
Milk samples polyvalent I I,C (3 isolates for each)
polyvalent II B (5 isolates)
polyvalent III G (3isolates)
untyped (2 isolates)
Water samples polyvalent I H (2 isolates)
polyvalent II B (3 isolates)
J (1 isolate)
polyvalent III N (2 isolates)
G (1 isolate)
Chicken samples polyvalent I A (4 isolates)
polyvalent II J (1 isolate)
M (7 isolates)
polyvalent III D (7 isolates)
E (3 isolates)
The antibiogram and drug resistance characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were determined to commercial available antimicrobial agents.
Virtually, the majority of isolates should multidrug resistance. All Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were highly resistant to cephalexin, amoxicillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and polymyxin B .on the other hand, all isolates were sensitive to danox, ciprofloxacin, norofloxacin and amikacin.
Among the potential virulence factors produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is haemolysin, the isolates were haemolytic on blood agar, the isolates of milk, water and chicken were haemolytic with incidence 68.75%, 55.5%, 72.7% respectively.
Congo red binding ability test may be usefull as screening test for virulent organisms and it is associated with virulence. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were bounded with Congo red dye giving red colonies (CR+) so milk isolates was 75%, water isolates 88.8% and chicken isolates 72.7%.
The haemagglutination activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was tested against sheep, chicken and guinea pig RBCs. Milk isolates gave 37.5%, 12.5%, 25% haemagglutination positive on RBCs respectively while water isolates 22.2%, 33.3%, 66,6% and chicken 13,6%, 31.8%, 40,9% and MRHA for milk sample were 18.75%, 12.5%, 18.75% and water sample 22.2% for each RBCs and chicken sample were 9%, 9%, 18.1% for MRHA.
The contribution of enterotoxin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed by using baby mice assay. Milk sample revealed that serotype I I, II B were enterotoxigenic, water sample serotype I H, II J, III G were enterotoxigenic, chicken isolates serotype I A, II M, III D, III E were enterotoxigenic.
The plasmid DNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from chicken, milk and water were run in 0.8% agarose gel with ethidium bromide in present of ג DNA- Hind III marker the result showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroups isolated from chicken each one contain one plasmid only, III D 20988 bp, II J 20988 bp, II M 24281bp, III E 20988 bp, I A 20988bp (molecular weight). Milk sample I I 32498 bp, I C 32498bp, II B 22033 bp, III G 32498bp and water sample I H 23130 bp, II J 23130bp, II B 23130 bp and III N 20213bp.