الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Many rural remote areas have no access to power supply. This fact is coupled
with the growing concerns about the global effect of green house gases and the
need of sustainable energy supply. All these factors have made renewable
energy sources very attractive. Stand-alone renewable energy generators based
on hybrid systems such as photovoltaic, wind and PV/wind accompanied with
battery and with a backup of diesel generator are beginning to play an important
role over the world for long – term rural electrification to optimize the
utilization of available solar and wind potential. However, the market for offgrid
of such a system has not yet commercialized.
The design and operational control concept of stand – alone hybrid system
combined of PV/wind are necessary to achieve power quality and successful
operation due to the fluctuating nature of renewable sources and the load profile.
Also they are considered the key element to enforce the market penetration of
using stand – alone PV/ wind hybrid system. These areas have attracted the
researchers while great efforts are still needed for modular design and reliable
control concept.
To decide on the system configuration that should be applied in a certain case%0