الفهرس 
Aetiology of Vesicovaginal FistulaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Vesicovaginal fistula has been a medical and social problem for patients for centuries and it remains a challenge for surgeons, especially when it is recurrent or associated with complications. While iatrogenic gynecological procedures account for most cases in developed countries, poor obstetric care in developing countries continues to be the predominant cause of VVF, usually due to obstructed labor.