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Abstract
For solving the energy problem and the bad effect of conventional sources of
energy on environment, great attention in many countries is paid towards the use
of renewable energy sources. Special interest is paid towards wind energy because
of it’s competitively.
Savonius rotor is a vertical axis wind turbine which characterized as cheaper,
simpler in construction and low speed turbine. This makes it suitable for
generating mechanical power in many countries especially in Egypt.
In this work different geometrics of Savonius wind turbines are studied
experimentally in order to determine the most effective operation parameters. A
verification of results is done through the measurement of the static torque
affected on the stationary rotors. A prototype of Savonius rotor is designed
according to the obtained experimental parameters. The designed prototype is
fabricated and tested in free wind in El-Arish at the Faculty of Engineering, Sinai
University.
It was found that, the two blades rotor is more efficient than three and four
ones. The rotor with end plates gives higher efficiency than those without end
plates. Double stage rotors have higher performance than single stage rotors. The
rotors without overlap ratio (β) are better in operation than those with overlap. The
results show also that the power coefficient increases with rising the aspect ratio
(α). The conclusions from the measurements of the static torque for each rotor at
different wind speeds verifying the above summarized results of this work.
The measurements of the prototype in Arish showed that, it works in free wind
with a considerable efficiency. It begins to give power at a relative low wind speed
of about 2 m/s. The output energy from Savonius rotor is relatively small due to
smaller efficiency of Savonius rotor compared to higher efficiencies of horizontal
axis wind turbines. On the other word, the cost of energy unit is also small and
competitive with other energy sources due to the lower cost of construction.
The use of Savonius rotor will be attractive in many locations in Egypt. The
cost of kW.hr generated from Savonius rotor is expected to be very low especially
in locations with high average wind speed. The majority of the Egyptian locations
having an average wind speed between 3.5 and 4.5 m/s. The cost of kW.hr
generated from Savonius rotor in these locations is expected to be between 0.42
and 0.28 LE. In locations where average wind speed is 6 m/s, the cost of kW.hr is
expected to be 0.1 LE.
Therefore the Savonius rotor can be used in the majority of the Egyptian
locations, for example, to pump water for irrigation of land. This will save a great
part of conventional energy sources used for this purpose and consequently reduce
the environmental pollution.
The thesis includes the following six chapters.
The previous Chapter 1 includes the introduction about the importance of the use
of renewable energies and why wind energy was selected and also the types of
wind turbines and their advantages and disadvantages and why Savonius turbine
was chosen specifically.
Chapter 2 contains the results of researchers from 1977 to 2009 and also contains
the objectives of the work based on the palaces or the difference in the results of
researchers.
Chapter 3 contains equipment and the process conducted in the laboratory and
how to manufacture the device, which was the practical measurements process
him and also displays the measuring devices used and how to measure by it. This
section presents the equations which used in the calculations required in the practical lab.
Chapter 4 in this section the results are displayed, which was reached through the
measurement process in the laboratory as part of this first. The second part
presents the accounts of turbine efficiency and the results obtained from these
calculations are based on measurements of the process and also the equation used
to calculate the efficiency. The third part and final factor is the drag coefficient,
are calculated in this work for all cases.
Chapter 5 this section explains the real situation, or (prototype) of the turbine,
which was manufactured in the town of El Arish, where is to clarify the method of
manufacture and materials selected to manufacture this model and also the results
are displayed, which was taken him.
Finally, Chapter 6 this section presents a summary of what we have achieved
results and recommends it in the future work on this type of wind turbines
List of references and include the references used in the research and the 40
reference was published between 1977 and 2009.