الفهرس 
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Abstract
Rheumatic heart disease is still main cause of valvulopathy in developing countries and often affect young patients> Rheumatic mitral disease is usually accessible to reconstructive surgery The effect of rheumatic disease in mitral valve is usually multifactorial, the most frequent mechanism is leaflet retraction< posterior leafet retraction (type III in Carpentiers classification) occur in almost 60 % of cases< but anterior leafet retraction is less common yhan posterior leaflet retraction.Mitral stenosis is common (39 % of series of chauvad et al>) secandary to commissural fusion or leaflet rigidity> MAIn cause of leaflet retraction is progressive fibrosis of leaflet and subvalvular apparatus>