الفهرس 
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Abstract
Propolis is one of the few natural remedies that maintained its popularity over a long period of time in folk medicine. It is recommend for its anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, to increase the body’s natural resistance to infections and to treat gastroduodenal ulcers.
Oxidative stress is an important factor in development of numerous diseases from simple viral infection, gastric ulcer, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, physiological disorders and metabolic disturbance even in genetic apparatus of cell.
In this spirit then, the present study was delineated to delve into the possible antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of propolis, tracking down contingent therapeutic merits for this natural product.
I) Antioxidant activity:-
A) Effect of propolis pretreatment on antioxidant defense system in brain, kidney and liver tissue homogenates of fasting rats:
Twenty five adult male albino rats were divided into 5 equal groups each of 5 animals as follows:
The 1st group:
Rats m