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Abstract
Wild birds known as one of the most important sources of human infection for some zoonotic diseases such as Salmonella entritidis, Salmonella typhimurium as well as Aspergillus. In most of the world countries the diagnosis of those microorganisms is difficult unless the case history of the persons subjected to bird contact was known and this is very important to reach to the accurate treatment and to avoid misdiagnosis.
So, the present study was performed to determine the incidence of both Salmonellosis and Aspergillosis in some wild birds and their human contacts, also to find an easy and rapid way for the diagnosis of them .
A total of 189 blood serum samples were collected from four types of free living wild birds and 94 blood serum samples from their human contacts. In addition to 22 blood serum samples from wild captive birds and 6 blood serum samples from their human contacts.
The serum samples of both wild birds and their human contacts were examined for the presence of S.entritidis and S.typhimurium antibodies, as well as Aspergillus antibodies.
7.1. Salmonellosis:
7.1.1. Salmonellosis among wild birds: Serum samples of five types of wild birds were examined serologically (Gray heron, Wild duck, Wild fowl, Wild quail, and Wild captive birds) for both serotypes; typhimurium and entritidis. The results were 6.3% - 4.2% ; 17.5% - 2.5% ; 6.1% - 8.2% ; 7.5% - 5.7%; and 4.5% - 4.5% respectively, with an overall incidence 10.6% , 20% , 14.3% , 13.2% , and 9% respectively.
7.1.2. Salmonellosis among human contacts: The results of serum samples of the human contacts for the five types of the wild birds were, 4.8% - 0% , 8.7% - 4.3% , 5.4% - 10.5% , 0% - 6.5% , and 33.3% - 0% respectively with total incidence 4.8% , 13% , 15.9% , 6.5% , and 16.7%% respectively.
-The salmonella incidence was increased in young age (7%) than the adults (3%), also increased in male human (9%) more than females (1%).
-The obtained results revealed that, Salmonella incidence was increased during winter in both birds and human ( 7.1% and 5% respectively).
7.2. Aspergillosis:
7.2.1. Aspergellosis in wild birds: Serum samples were examined serologically by indirect haemagglutination and the incidence of Aspergillosis among the overall birds was 7.1% ;in Gray heron 6.4% ,in Wild duck 15% , in Wild fowl 6.12% , in Wild quail 3.8% , and in Wild captive birds 4.6%.
7.2.2. Aspergillosis in human contacts: Serum samples were examined serologically by indirect haemagglutination and the total incidence among the human contacts with five type of birds was 4.8% , 8.7% , 5.3% , 0% , and 16.6% respectively.
- Aspergillosis incidence increase in young aged human (4%) than the old aged (2%).
- Aspergillosis incidence in both male and female wild birds and their human contacts were nearly similar, (3.8% , 3.3% in wild birds & 3% , 2% in their human contacts).
The Aspergillus incidence increased in winter season in both birds and human contacts (3.3% and 3% respectively).