الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study included 30 pre term infants who received mechanical ventilation at or shortly after birth aiming at studying the effect of changing positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) on arterial blood gases. This study was carried out in
Mataria Teaching Hospital, Cairo during the period from September 1993 till January 1994 inclusive.
Cases were divided into 2 groups:
Group I : Acute respiratory distress cases. This group included 15 pre term infants (9 males and 6 females) who required mechanical ventilation for less than 4 days. The gesta-tional age of this group ranged from 28 to 34 weeks (mean 31.53 +2.23) and birth weight ranged from 1.20 to 2.30 kg (mean 1.740 +0.37).
Group II : Chronic respiratory destress cases. This group includ- ed 15 preterm infants (10 males and 5 females) who re- quired mechanical ventilation for 14 days or rnore.
The gestational age of this group ranged from 26 to 29 weeks