الفهرس 
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Abstract
During the period of 2006 to 2008, 1096 blood samples collected from 92
chi c ken flocks were tested by HI test (21 of breeder flocks,63 of
commercial layer flocks and 8 broilerflocks), collected from four governorates
(Giza, Oalubia, Sharkia and Dakahlia)for evaluation of protective serological
titer in surveyed vaccinated poultry flocks. In experimental study to evaluate
the potency of 6 types of inactivated AI-vaccines (one H5N1 and five H5N2)
administered at 7 days old chickens and to evaluate the potency of 2 types of
inactivated AI-vaccines (one H5N1 and one H5N2) administered at 7 days old
ducklings with full dose (0.5 cm sic), the results revealed that these vaccines
were different, all give protective titer after where the obtained serological
responses (3rQ week post vaccination) were differed in protective titer by HI
test was done by using homologous and heterologous antigens. For the
control of avian influenza, a rapid diagnosis by detecting the causative virus
and identifying its subtype is essential. A rapid diagnosis kit for identification
of influenza viruses by Rapid Antigen detection of three hundred samples
collected from four governorates (Giza, Oalubia, Sharkia and Dakahlia),
positive samples were 67, (22.33%). The aim of this study was to develop a
rapid, cost-saving and effective method for influenza A virus subtype H5N1
detection. The selected primer set was used in single-step RT-PCR for
simultaneous detection in multiplex format of the 276-, 189-, and 131-bp
fragments, corresponding to sequences specific for M, H5 and N1 genes. The
amplified DNA fragments were clearly separated by agarose gel
electrophoresis.