الفهرس 
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Abstract
A total of 12 Campylobacter isolates and strains, 7 of them of C. jejuni were isolated from different animal species (buffalo, cattle, sheep, goat, dog, cat and chicken), one isolate of each animal species. In addition to one isolate of C. coli was isolated from chicken. Also two isolates of C. jejuni and C. coli were also isolated from children. All of the isolates were compared with two references strains ATCC 33291(C. jejuni) and ATCC 33559 (C. coli). All of 12 Campylobacter isolates and strains were characterised by protein profile analysis using 8 and 10% SDS PAGE as well as by immunoblotting. It was observed that isolates presented bands positioned in common regions which could be genus specific in addition to bands were common to all C.jejuni isolates and reference strain ATCC 33291 and bands at were common to all C. coli isolates and reference strain 33559 which could be species specific as well as in different areas, independently of the origin of the strain. Immunoblot method required preparation of hyperimmune sera against C. jejuni/coli soluble protein antigens and against formalinized C. jejuni antigens. In the present study by immunoblotting, using serum from rabbits immunized with C. jejuni reference strain. Only a few surface antigens of Campylobacter species have been characterized immunologically for immunized rabbits. More antigens from gradient gels of sonicated C. jejuni and C. coli were detected by using rabbit serum induced aganit a pool of C. jejuni and C. coli soluble proteins..
A PCR method was applied for the sensitive and specific detection of C. jejuni and C. coli. Selection of a suitable sequence of the genomic DNA to be amplified was restricted by the limited set of gene data available. The internal gene 23SrRNA, hippurcase and the ceuE genes were chosen for amplification. Among multiplex PCR C. coli isolates and strain generate two PCR products at 650 bp (23Sr RNA gene) and 462 bp (ceu E gene). Meanwhile amplified product at 735 bp (hipO gene) could be detected among all C. jejuni isolates and strain. The specificity of the PCR technique was assessed by screening C. jejuni Reference strain ATCC 33291 and field strains of C. jejuni. Of the 9 field isolates submitted to us as C. jejuni and strain ATCC 33291, yielded the 735 -bp amplicon characteristic hipO gene of C. jejuni.