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Abstract
Supracondylar femoral fractures are those fractures that involve the distal nine centimeters of the femur; they represent a real challenge as regard the method of treatment.
In this study fourty patients with supracondylar fracture of the femur types A, B and C were surgically treated and followed up. The patients were divided into two groups according to the method of surgical treatment: group I included twenty patients treated by the retrograde locked supracondylar nail, and group II included twenty patients treated by the condylar buttress plate.
The age incidence ranged from 16 years to 72 years, with a mean of 41.6 years, males were equally affected as females with a ratio of 1:1. The right side was affected in 19 patients (47.5%) and the left in 21 patients (52.5%).Twenty four patients were fractured due to severe trauma (60%), and sixteen patients were injured due to mild to moderate trauma (40%).There were 8 cases with type A1 fracture, 10 with type A2 fractures, 9 with type A3 fractures, 6 with type B1 fracture. and 7 with type C1
All patients were followed up at least one year and studied both clinically and radiologically according to the functional evaluation scale developed by Oleurd’s et al(10) for distal femur fractures as regards: range of motion of the knee joint, deformation, pain, walking ability and return to work.
The results in group I were: excellent in 13 patients (65%), good in 4 patients (20%) and fair in 3 patients (15%). No patient gave poor result (0%)
The results in group II were: excellent in 5 patients (25%), good in 9 patients (45%) and fair in 4 patients (20%) and poor in 2 patiens (10%).
The older the age of the patient was, the less favorable were the results. Also it was found that the earlier the surgery was done, were the better the results. Both groups were more or less similar with no significant difference regarding the age, sex, side affected, weight, time lapse before surgery, preinjury occupation, fracture type, associated injuries and associated diseases.
The complications encountered in this study were knee joint stiffness, varus malalignment, nonunion, wound infection.