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Abstract
In dairy cattle, before parturition uterine lumen is sterile and if bacterial invasion occurs there is usually resorption of fetus or abortion and if bacterial invasion occurs after parturition a disease condition resulted.
Puerperal metritis considered to be a common disease that may be complicated to toxic puerperal metritis, clinical endometritis, pyometra and subclinical endometritis that make an adverse influence on the productive and reproductive performances of dairy cattle.
Uterine microbial disease affects most of dairy cattle after parturition causing infertility by disrupting uterine and ovarian function.
So that, this study carried out in two steps as follow:
First step:
Isolation and identification of bacteria (rather than Brucella species, Salmonella species and Campylobacter species) and Yeasts from uterus of 292 dairy cows within postpartum period that divided into following phases:
-Phase 1 (within first 10 days postpartum):
About 95 dairy cows divided into 38 cows with normal parturition, 26 dystocia affected cows and 31 cows had a history of RFM.
-Phase 2 (within 14-28 days postpartum):
About 89dairy cows divided into 36 cows with normal parturition, 24 dystocia affected cows and 29 cows had a history of RFM.
-Phase 3 (within 40-60 days postpartum):
About 108 dairy cows divided into 46 cows with normal parturition, 33 dystocia affected cows and 29 cows had a history of RFM.
Second step:
Detections of shiga-toxin genes in E.coli isolated from uterus of cows within 60 days postpartum using Polymerase chain reaction test (PCR).
In this study, the most prevalent bacteria isolated from uterus of cattle in postpartum period were E.coli followed by A. pyogens then S.aureus then Pathogenic Strept. And the lower prevalent isolates were Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa and C. albicans. All of these pathogenic agents causing a disease condition and affect cattle productive and reproductive performances.
Prevalence of E.coli, A. pyogens, S.aureus and Haemolytic Strept. Within first 10 days postpartum in cows with normal parturition were 28.92%, 10.84%, 15.7% and 8.43% respectively while, C. albicans was nile. And in dystocia affected cows were 34.55%, 12.73%, 18.18% and 10.91% respectively while, C. albicans was nile. And in cows had a history of RFM were 38.98%, 15.25%, 16.95% and 13.56% respectively while, C. albicans was 1.69%.
Prevalence of E.coli, A. pyogens, S.aureus, Haemolytic Strept. and C. albicans Within 14-28 days postpartum in cows with normal parturition were 25%, 18.33%, 13.33%, 6.67% and 1.67% respectively. And in dystocia affected cows were 25.64%, 23.1%, 15.4%, 12.82% and 2.56% respectively. And in cows had a history of RFM were 32.7%, 19.23%, 15.38%, 11.54% and 1.92% respectively.
Prevalence of E.coli, A. pyogens, S.aureus, Haemolytic Strept. and C. albicans Within 40-60 days postpartum in cows with normal parturition were 45%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% respectively. And in dystocia affected cows were 33.33%, 22.22%, 16.67%, 11.11% and 5.56% respectively. And in cows had a history of RFM were 35.29% 23.53%, 17.65%, 11.76% and 5.88% respectively.
Average prevalence of E.coli, A. pyogens, S.aureus, Haemolytic Strept. and C. albicans Within postpartum period in cows were 32%, 16.63%, 15.88%, 10.42% and 1.74% respectively.
The presence of the genes encoding Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (Stx1 and Stx2) was only 6.2% from isolates of E.coli isolated from uterus of cattle within 60 days postpartum.