الفهرس 
Old Methods of TonometryOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The precise measurement of IOP is very important in diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma as recent studies shows that only 1 mmHg change of IOP is sufficient to change the field of the glaucomatous patient.
The ocular response analyzer is a new instrument introduced by the Reichert ophthalmic instruments. It is a non contact tonometer which uses an air current to applanate the cornea and records the corneal response to it. This record corresponds to the corneal hystresis and it also measures the corneal compensated IOP, the Goldmann correlated IOP and the corneal resistance factor. It is particularly important in patient’s undergone refractive surgery.
The dynamic contour tonometer have a contour matching tip which contains a pressure sensor. It is used to reduce the biomechanical factors of the cornea as corneal thickness, corneal rigidity and corneal curvature which affects IOP measurement. It is not affected by the post refractive changes of the cornea.
The Tonopen which is a hand held, pen like tonometer based on Mackay-Marg tonometer. It is an accurate method of measuring the IOP in scarred or edematous corneas due to its small contact area.
The Transpalpebral tonometer, which measures the IOP through the eyelids, can be used by medical and non medical personel. It is useful in patients with ocular infections or erosions where corneal tonometry is contraindicated.
The recent modalities of IOP measurement try to overcome the various factors which affect the intraocular pressure measurement as the corneal thickness or post refractive surgeries which change the corneal thickness, rigidity and curvature.