الفهرس 
Anatomy of The LensOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Presbyopia is a unique landmark as one of the greatest certainties of life, it affects more than 1 billion people worldwide and is a progressive sign of aging.
There is many options to treat presbyopia:
A) Corneal refractive surgical approaches:
Presby-LASIK: The Excimer Laser is used to create the multifocal cornea. The concept is to use the central zone for predominantly far vision and the peripheral zones for near.A new noninvasive technique for presbyopia correction is intracor. IntraCor allows the surgeon to focus the treatment directly into the stroma and does not require a flap cut or intrastromal pocket.
Conductive Keratoplasty (CK): Conductive keratoplasty works on the principle of thermokeratoplasty.
Additive refractive keratoplasty: Corneal inlay devices correct presbyopia either by creating a pinhole effect, a technique utilized by the Acufocus corneal inlay, or by altering corneal curvature, as in the case of the Presbylens. The AcuFocus Corneal Inlay is an intracorneal inlay that does not compromise distance vision. It increases the depth of focus.
B) Lenticular approaches:
monofocal IOLs: In blended reading vision, sometimes called monovision, the dominant eye is corrected for distance, and the nondominant eye is corrected to provide some reading vision.
multifocal IOLs: These IOLs, use optical features built into the IOL optic surface to produce more than one focal point, providing near and distance, and in some cases intermediate, foci on the retina. This is accomplished through diffractive or zonal refractive optic designs.
Accommodating IOLs: These IOLs, whether designed with a dual optic or with a single optic, use the residual power of the ciliary muscle to change the vitreous bulk and move the IOL backward and forward, changing the focus on the retina.
Presbyopia is a unique landmark as one of the greatest certainties of life, it affects more than 1 billion people worldwide and is a progressive sign of aging.
There is many options to treat presbyopia:
A) Corneal refractive surgical approaches:
Presby-LASIK: The Excimer Laser is used to create the multifocal cornea. The concept is to use the central zone for predominantly far vision and the peripheral zones for near.A new noninvasive technique for presbyopia correction is intracor. IntraCor allows the surgeon to focus the treatment directly into the stroma and does not require a flap cut or intrastromal pocket.
Conductive Keratoplasty (CK): Conductive keratoplasty works on the principle of thermokeratoplasty.
Additive refractive keratoplasty: Corneal inlay devices correct presbyopia either by creating a pinhole effect, a technique utilized by the Acufocus corneal inlay, or by altering corneal curvature, as in the case of the Presbylens. The AcuFocus Corneal Inlay is an intracorneal inlay that does not compromise distance vision. It increases the depth of focus.
B) Lenticular approaches:
monofocal IOLs: In blended reading vision, sometimes called monovision, the dominant eye is corrected for distance, and the nondominant eye is corrected to provide some reading vision.
multifocal IOLs: These IOLs, use optical features built into the IOL optic surface to produce more than one focal point, providing near and distance, and in some cases intermediate, foci on the retina. This is accomplished through diffractive or zonal refractive optic designs.
Accommodating IOLs: These IOLs, whether designed with a dual optic or with a single optic, use the residual power of the ciliary muscle to change the vitreous bulk and move the IOL backward and forward, changing the focus on the retina.