الفهرس 
acknowledgmentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In Wharton’s world, women usually experience a profound sense of emotional isolation and intellectual alienation. They are often trapped by oppressive social values that limit their moral and conventional freedom and compromise their spiritual and psychological constitution. Wharton’s own lite, social background, and troubled marriage have provided her with vivid examples of the serious obstacles that a woman of her time and place should triumph over in her struggle for self-realization.