الفهرس 
Anatomy of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary GlandOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Female infertility has wide range of causes including ovulatory, cervical, pelvic, tubal and uterine factors. Approximately 30% of female infertility is caused by ovulation disorders which may be due to ovarian causes, or CNS pituitary causes, hypothalamic causes.
Disruption of normal menstrual cycles and normal ovulation are often associated with a variety of life style factors such as excessive exercise, nutritional deprivation, and psychological stress. In the vast majority of cases, this is associated with normal neuroanatomic findings. In a small subset, neuroendocrine abnormalities such as isolated gonadotropin deficiency (Kallmann syndrome), head trauma, radiation effects, Sheehan syndrome, and pituitary apoplexy are identified.
Tumors within the pituitary region are relatively common, and most are benign adenomas derived from anterior pituitary cells. These adenomas may produce syndromes of hormonal hypersecretion or may be hormonally nonfunctional.
MRI is now considered the imaging modality of choice for diagnosis of hypothalamic pituitary lesions because of its multiplaner capability and good soft tissue contrast enhancement enabling identification of small lesion.
MRI should be done for all cases of infertility with clinical and /or laboratory abnormalities indicating hypothalamic pituitary axis involvement, indications may include neurological complaints or hormonal abnormalities such as elevated prolactine level.