الفهرس 
DEFINITION OF ADDICTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
T
his work aimed to study respiratory complications of addiction among patients of Abbasia Chest Hospital during six months.
109 patients were collected from whom full history was taken and full examination was done along with routine Labs, ABG, CXR, chest CT, Echocardiography and bronchoscopy.
The most commonly abused drugs that affect the respiratory system are cannabis then opioids (eg.tramadol and opium) then heroin.
Cannabis is the most commonly abused social drug. Inhaling cannabis smoke in the long-term is likely to result in damage to the respiratory tract. The evidence base for this damage includes self report as well as scientific testing of biopsy of mucosa. This damage has been shown to be present even in the absence of tobacco smoke, while harms appear to be additive for individuals who smoke tobacco and cannabis. Further, cannabis smoke is carcinogenic although epidemiological research exploring the association between respiratory cancers and cannabis use is limited. The evidence is strongest for cannabis use being associated with an increase in cough, sputum production, airway inflammation, and wheeze.
Pulmonary tuberculosis was common with cannabis abusers and represents 37% of cannabis abusers , parenchymal diseases were common with opioid abusers representing 35.7% of opioid abusers and pleural diseases with heroin abusers representing 66.7% of heroin abusers.Mortality represents 5.5% of the sample.
Pulmonary tuberculosis was common with inhaled drugs (38.2%of inhalation drug abusers had pulmonary tuberculosis) ,parenchymal lung diseases were common with orally administered drugs (36.4%of oral drug abusers had parenchymal lung diseases) and parenchymal lung diseases were common with intravenously abused drugs (36.8%of IV drug abusers had parenchymal diseases).
Drugs which are inhaled are those most likely to result in respiratory complications. Also, mortality was the largest among cases who abuse inhaled drugs representing 6.7% of inhaled drug abusers.
Drug and alcohol abuse can occur in any patient seen in family practice, and they are present in many more patients than are diagnosed. Physician awareness of the potential for such problems is the first step in detecting, evaluating and treating patients who are substance abusers. In some cases, treatment is possible in the office setting. In others, the physician oversees inpatient treatment or makes referrals and provides long-term collaborative follow-up, all of which are essential if the patient is to avoid a relapse
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