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Abstract The 16S rRNA genes (rDNA) of 50 strains belonging to 26 different coryneforrn bacterial species and genomospecies and of the type strain of Rhodococcus equi were enzymatically amplified. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) with the enzymes AJul, Cfol and Rsal was carried out. The combination of the ARDRA patterns obtained after restriction with these three different enzymes enabled the differentiation between the following species: Corynebacterium accolens (number of strains = 2), C. afermentans subsp, afermentans (2), C. afermentans subsp, lipophilum (2), C. amyco/atum (3), CDC corynefocm group ANF-l-like (1), CDC coryneform group ANF-3-1ike (1), C. cystWd/ s (1), C. d/phL~/ae (4), C. jeikeium (3), C. macginleyi (2), C. minutissimum (1), C. pilosum (1), C. pseudotuberculosis (2), C. rena/e (2}0 C. striatum (2), C. urealyticum (3), C. xeros/s (1), CDC coryneform groups I1-1 (2), B-3 (2), F-l, genomospecies 1 and 2 (6), G, genomospecies 1 (1) and G, genomospecies 2 (2). The following strains or species could not be differentiated from each other: C. pseudodiphtheriticum (2) from C. propinquum (former CDC coryneform group ANF-3) (2), CDC coryneform group F-l, genomospecies 1 (4) from genomospecies 2 (2) and C. jeikeium genomospeci~s A (I) from genomospecies C (2). ARDRA may represent a possible alternative for identification of coryneforms, since this technique enabled the identification of most coryneforms tested and since DNA extraction (i.e. cell i/sis by boiling), amplification, restriction and electrophoresis can be carried out within 8 hours. This might allow quick identification of C. diphtheriae and other possible pathogens of the genus Corynebacterium. |