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Abstract Over view According to estimates of The World Health Organization,80 % of the world population is primarily relation on traditional methods of healing which use empirical knowledge based on the use of medicinal plants ( Mueller and Mechler,2005). Phytotherapy is the treatment and prevention of disease using plants,plant parts, such as leaves, flowers, roots,fruits, and seeds and preparations made from them , theses plants called medicinal plants , or herbs ( Weiss and Fintelmann,2000) Aime of study The main objective of the present study was studying the effect of some locally available cheap medicinal plants seeds for treating the liver disorders, after knowing their active constituents and their biological activities,using experimental animals (rats). Materials and Methods 1- Investigated Samples: This investigation is used five (5) species of some medicinal plants seeds as(Cumin, Curcuma longa, Fenugreek, Raphanus sativus and Cyperus esculentus) which were used by 5 % , 10% basal diet. 164 Summarry 2- Experimental Animals ( Rats): Seventy two ( 72 ) Sprague Dawley strain were obtained from the Laboratory of Animal Colony, Ministry of Health and Population, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt. weighting (250-260 )g , were used in this study. All rats were fed the control (casein) diet for 6 consecutive days. Each rat was housed in an individual stainless steel cage under controlled condition. Diets were introduced to rats in a special non-scattering feeding cup to avoid loss of food and contamination. Tap water was provided to rats by mean of glass tubes projecting through wire cages from inverted bottles supported to one side of the cage. The rats were divided into (12 ) groups, 6 rats in each group which were feeding on experimental diets for ( 28) days . 3- Induction of liver disorder by carbon tetra chloride (CCl4): The rats were treated subcutaneous injection with carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) in paraffin oil 50% v/v (2ml/kg) twice aweek to induce chronic damage in the liver. 4- The Diet and Grouping of Experimental Animals ( Rats ): A)First group: (Rats which were induced by CCl4) : Group 1: ( 6 rats which were induced by CCl4 ) were fed on basal diet containing Cumin seeds 10%. 165 Summarry Group 2: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Cumin seeds 5% . Group 3: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Curcuma longa 10 %. Group 4: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Curcuma longa 5 %. Group 5: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Fenugreek seeds 10 %. Group 6: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Fenugreek seeds 5% . Group 7: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Cyperus esculentus seeds 10% Group 8: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Cyperus esculentus seeds 5%. Group 9: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Raphanus sativus seeds 10% Group 10: (6 rats which were induced by CCl4) were fed on basal diet containing Raphanus sativus seeds 5%. Group 11: Control positive group C+, was fed on basal diet only (non treated rats). B) Second group: (normal rats) · Group 12: control group (control negative) 6 rats were fed on basal diet for 28 days. Rats were weighted at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. 166 Summarry 5- Biological Evaluation: Biological evaluation of the different diets was carried out by determination of food intake( FI ) , food efficiency ratio ( FER ) and body weight gaine(BWG % ). 6- Biochemical Analysis: At the end of the experiment ,rats were fasted (12) hours and anesthetized with di-ethyl ether . blood samples were collected in clean dry centrifuge tubes for 10 minutes at 3000 rpm from hepatic portal vein. All blood samples except the used samples for complete blood count (CBC) were collected in ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid ( EDTA )as anticoagulant . .Also blood samples for determination of prothrombin time (P.T) were collected in 3.8% sodium citrate solution as anticoagulant . Serum was carefully separated and transferred in to dry clean ebendrof tubes and kept frozen at -(20ºC) until the time of analysis. The following analysis as: C.B.C, serum liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP and GGT ) , prothrombin time (P.T ), serum proteins ( T.P,Alb,Glob and A/G ratio ) serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP),Serum lipids (T.G, T.C, HDL, LDL and VLDL ),kidney functions ( S. U and S. CR ). 7- Organs Weight: The liver,kidney ,heart,spleen and lungs were removed, cleaned in saline solution and dried then weighted and kept formalin solution . 167 Summarry 8- Histopathological Examination: Liver and Kidney sections obtained from rats supplemented with plants seeds, control negative and control positive were studied histopathologically. 9- Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis were performed by using computer program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), and compared with each other using the suitable tests. Results 1- FI,FER and B.W.G % : Effects of some plants seeds on food intake, efficiency ratio and body weight gain of control positive and different groups on rats which were induced by CCl4 were studied.Results that food intake(FI) of fenugreek seeds (10%) ,Curcuma longa seeds 10%, cumin 5 % and Raphanus sativus seeds (10 %) treatments improved as compared with control positive . As for as data notice that ( F E R ) for groups fed on fenugreek seeds (10%) , Curcuma longa seeds (10%) and cumin 10% treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control positive. Data also notice that ( B . W. G % ) for groups fed on fenugreek seeds (10%) , Curcuma longa seeds (10%) , Cyperus esculentus seeds (10%) and cumin 5% treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control positive. 168 Summarry 2- Complete Blood Count ( C.B.C ): The results revealed that the highest value of Hemoglobien was obtained from rats fed on fenugreek seeds (5% or10%),Cyperus esculentus seeds (5% ), Raphanus stavius 10 %, cumin 5 % and Curcuma longa seeds 10%. While the lowest value of Hemoglobien for control positive ( Rats pretreated with CCl4 and fed on basal diet ). 3- Serum Liver Enzymes : Data found that( AST ) for groups fed on Curcuma longa seeds 10% or 5 % ,fenugreek seeds 10% and cumin 5 % treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control (+). As for as (ALT), groups fed on Curcuma longa seeds 10%, or fenugreek seeds 10% or 5 % treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control (+). As for as (ALP), groups fed on Cumin seeds 10% or Curcuma longa (10 %) and Raphanus sativus seeds (5 % or 10 % ) treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control (+). Also (GGT), content groups fed on Curcuma longa seeds 5% or 10% Raphanus sativus seeds (10 % ) or fenugreek seeds 10 % treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control (+). 4- Prothrombin Time : The results showed that groups of rats which fed on diets containing Curcuma longa seeds 10% , fenugreek seeds (5 % or 10 % ) were the highest value . while the lowest value were obtained from groups which fed on Cyperus esculentus 10 %. 169 Summarry 5- Serum Bilirubin : The lowest T.BIL value was obtained for rats fed on Curcuma longa seeds 10%, while the highest value of T.BIL for rats fed on Cyperus esculentus seeds (10 % ), Fenugreek seeds 10 %, cumin 10%. Also, D.BIL ,data indicated that rats fed on Curcuma longa 10 % or 5% were equalled with control (-), and I.BIL the highest value was obtained from rats fed on Fenugreek seeds 10 % ,Curcuma longa 10%. 6- Serum Proteins: The results indicated that groups which were fed on diets containing plants seeds 10% treatments showed a good effect on rats as compared with control positive . 7-Serum Alpha Feto-Protein (AFP): The results revealed that S.AFP level of control positive was higher than control negative and all plants seeds tested used in this work lead to clear improvement in S.AFP level. 8- Serum Lipids : Data notice that a littel difference between groups which were fed on diets contaning plants seeds also, it found that groups were fed on plants seeds 10 % treatments showed a good effect on serum lipids of rats when compared with control positive group . |