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Abstract In the present study we investigated the hairs of some non domestic animals collected from Giza Zoo, Giza, Egypt [American black bear (Urus americanus), Blue nile monkey (Ceropithecus mitis), Barbary sheep (Amotracus lervia), Bacterian camel( Came/us bactrianus) and llama (Lama glama ) ] and human using SEM and light microscopy to obtain some measurments and indices in form of numerical information which could be used to differentiate between animal species and the study also aimed to investigate the chemical analysis of hair shaft of the different studied species to differentiate between them and to narrowing down the finalJy using the PCR-RFLP or me mitchondrial cytochrome b gene in identification of these species. I - Investigation of hair samples under light and scanningelectron microscopy: Hair samples were collected from each of five of American black bear (Urus am erican us), Blue nile monkey (Ceropithecus mitis), Barbary sheep (Amotracus lervia), Bacterian camel( Camelus bactrianus) and llama (Lama glama ) ,where ten hairs were collected from each of three anatomical body regions , that is dorsal neck, dorsum and flank. Consequently 30 hairs per individual were collected ( total of 150 hairs per each animal species ). Human scalp hair samples (l0) were also collected from 5 individuals ( total of 50 hairs) and the all samples were morphologically and numerically examined in this study by using light and scanning electron microscopy. where the measurments and indices used in |