الفهرس 
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Abstract
Heart failure is defined as a state in which the heart cannot deliver an
adequate cardiac output to meet the metabolic needs of the body. Because
of the high total direct costs of care for heart failure, rapid and accurate
differentiation of congestive heart failure from other causes of dyspnea
must be accomplished.
B-type natriuretic peptide is a cardiac neurohormone specifically
secreted from the ventricles in response to volume expansion and pressure
overload. B-type natriuretic peptide may be useful in distinguishing
between cardiac and non cardiac causes of acute dyspnea. Recently, assay
for B-type natriuretic peptide demonstrated that measurement of B-type
natriuretic peptide added to the ability of the physician to diagnose
congestive heart failure in the urgent care setting.
This study was carried out on 50 patients presented with respiratory
distress. Respiratory distress was classified as cardiac or non cardiac, 30
patients had heart failure due to congenital or rheumatic heart disease (20
patients with congenital heart disease and 10 patients with rheumatic heart
disease), 17 patients were males and 13 patients were females, their age
ranged from 1/12 years to 15 years with the median age 1.1 years. 20
patients had non cardiac cause of respiratory distress, their age ranged
from 5/12-13 years with the median age 2.1 years. Ten apparently healthy
infants and children of the same age, sex and socioeconomic status were
taken as a control.