الفهرس 
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Abstract
In today’s society the desire to maintain a youthful appearance has driven the development of minimally invasive dermatological procedures that are designed to rejuvenate the aging face.
The aim of this review is to present evidence for the use of techniques which can easily be incorporated into outpatient dermatology practice. For this reason, laser and light-based treatments have been used beside the introduction of chemical peels, intradermal fillers, botulinum toxin, dermabrasion and mesotherapy.
A combination of such techniques will provide the practitioner with a reasonable portfolio of treatments for a balanced, holistic result.
Facial aging is a process involving multiple factors. It is characterized by a diversity of signs, such as sallowness, mottled pigmentation, solar lentigines, dry and rough skin, loss of skin tone leathery texture, laxity, large pore size, and greasiness, and coarse and fine wrinkles.
The regular use of sunscreens, retinoids and improved cosmeceuticals, injectable neurotoxins, soft-tissue augmentation products and minimally invasive laser, light, chemical peeling and radiofrequency treatments are decreasing and delaying need for invasive procedures.
In this study, detailed prescription of all the available options for non-operative techniques of facial rejuvenation was done.
Discussion of the macroscopic and microscopic anatomy, physiology, histology of the skin and causes of skin aging was done to understand the process of skin aging thoroughly. Hence, proper prevention and management of the process of skin aging can be done.
History and updated management of the following were discussed:
the effect of botulinum toxin as an agent for smoothing wrinkles is no longer debated which can be performed easily and rapidly, and is not unpleasant for the patient. The limited duration of its effects requires repeated sessions, which means that the patient will need a new appointment after about 6 months.
Soft tissue fillers are an option for an individual desiring to rejuvenate his or her face, they may be synthetic, animal-derived, humanderived, or autologous the latter is being harvested from the patient’s own vein or fat. The primary action of these products and techniques is to induce collagen formation and/or occupy volume and space.
There are three methods available for cutaneous resurfacing ; chemical, mechanical, and laser. Resurfacing is further divided into superficial, medium, or deep, based on the depth of injury produced.
Surface irregularities of the skin and aging changes such as wrinkling can be ameliorated. All three techniques produce a controlled injury and this injury must be in the appropriate depth in order to treat the targeted pathology and achieve the desired results. The different resurfacing techniques produce similar injury and thereby similar aesthetic results.
Mesotherapy, as broadly defined, represents a variety of minimally invasive techniques in which medications are directly injected into the skin and underlying tissue in order to improve musculoskeletal, neurologic, and cosmetic conditions. For the facial area, mesotherapy can be used to increase tissue turgor that is a result of a loss of elasticity in the skin from aging and sun damage. Medications used in this process are antioxidants, vitamins, and hyaluronic acid.