الفهرس 
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Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa, L.) is an important food crop of the world. It is astable food of the people of Egypt, and at present, more than half of the world population subsists on this crop.Direct seeding eliminates labor demands for seedbed preparation seedling care, pulling of seedlings and transplanting shock (IRRI, 1987With improved water control, direct seeding can be more conducive to mechanization. The grain yield of rice, under direct seeding, is reported to begenerally, lower than transplanting. Reasons for this low grain yield include uneven distribution of seeds, poor seedling emergence and high competition of weeds. Competition against weeds could be solved by high seed density or by the use of high tillering genotypes that could cover the soil surface more rapidly. Direct-seeded rice exhibited higher crop growth rates and tillering ability during vegetative stages than transplanted rice, even when planting density and geometry were equal.