الفهرس 
• Introduction & Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 200 |  |  |
| | | from | 200 | | |
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic human pathogen and causes pneumonia, urinary tract infections, wound
infections and blood stream infections. Moist environments can act as
reservoirs P. aeruginosa in the hospital settings. Consequently,
P. aeruginosa is a common nosocomial pathogen and often is the main
pathogen in cases of nosocomial infections and catheter-related blood
stream infections. P. aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to several
antibiotics because of the low permeability of its outer membrane, the
constitutive expression of various efflux pumps and the production of
antibiotic inactivating enzymes (e.g., cephalosporinases). Furthermore, it
also has a remarkable capacity to develop or acquire new mechanisms of
resistance to antibiotics.
This study was performed at Menofia University Hospital to
estimate the frequency of isolation of P. aeruginosa from patients at
different wards. Also, to study the antibiotic resistance pattern and to
make typing for the different isolated strains. The study covered the
period from May 2010 to July 2011. Samples were obtained from 287
hospitalized cases (group I), from 20 individuals of medical staff (group
II) and 200 samples from hospital environment(group III) .
All samples obtained were cultured on appropriate media including
nutrient agar, blood agar and MacConkey’s agar. P.aeruginosa isolates
was identified by it′s morphology and biochemical reactions.
The results revealed that the most frequent nosocomial isolates
were S. aureus (28.97%), followed by Klebsiella species (21.55%),
E. coli (20.8%), P. aeruginosa (19.1%), Proteus (4.5%), Enterococcus
(3.88%) and Candida (1.41%).
P. aeruginosa was more frequently isolated from burn unit
(32.31%) than from other departments with no statistically significant
difference (P>0.05) between it and other departments .Then followed by
urology department (18.75%), otolaryngology department (17.24%), ICU
(15.62%) and surgery department (12.9%)
The highest rate of isolation of P. aeruginosa was found in patients
with age group more than 60 years (32.56%, P <0.05), followed by age
group 31-60 (15.70%) then age group 11-30 (10.53%), while the lowest
rate was found among patients less than 10 years (7.14%). It also shows
that P. aeruginosa was isolated from males more frequently (21.82%)
than females (14.75%) with no statistical significant difference (P>0.05).
The highest rate of isolation of P. aeruginosa was found in patients
with history of antibiotic administration (21.16%) versus other patients
with a significant statistical t difference (P<0.05)
The highest rate of isolation of P. aeruginosa was found in patients
with duration of hospital stay more than 10 days (30,87%, P<0.001) ,
followed by patients with hospital stay between 6 and 10 days (6.67%)
then hospital stay less than than6 days (4.84%).
Regarding the history of invasive procedures the highest rate of
isolation of P. aeruginosa was found in patients underlying invasive
procedures (20.8%) versus patients with no underlying invasive
procedures (12.7%) with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Also, the
highest rate of isolation of P. aeruginosa was found in patients with
underling systemic diseases (20.2%) versus patients with no underlying
systemic diseases (14.03%).