الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Groundwater is an important source of water supply for agriculture, industry and population. The increasing demand of water has resulted in an indiscriminate exploitation of this source, causing environmental hazards such as depletion of water levels, well interference and groundwater pollution.
Management of groundwater resources is a very importance for regions where freshwater supply is naturally limited. Long-term planning of groundwater usage requires method-based new decision support tools: on the one hand, they must be able to predict the change of the aquifer with sufficient accuracy, on the other; they must allow exploring management scenarios with respect to different criteria such as sustainability and cost.
El-Farafra oasis is located in the central part of west desert, Egypt. It is an arid area with very limited resources relative to demand. Groundwater is the main source for its water supply. Increase the water demand makes an environment hazards such as depletion of water levels, well interference and groundwater pollution. During recent years, water resources of the oasis have been encountered with problems due to overgrowth of exploitation establishments and agricultural processes.
The research problem: groundwater management
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive combined three dimensional groundwater quantity management model which tries to mimic the natural environment as close as possible.
Study procedures: In this study Visual MODFLOW is used to develop a groundwater flow model to simulate the behavior of flow system under different conditions. MODFLOW FORTRAN code was used as the simulation of groundwater flow which is linked with genetic algorithm optimization, where FORTRAN program was used to link between the simulation code and genetic algorithm.
Single objective and multi-objective problems in this study are adopted using genetic algorithm which is considered a powerful stochastic optimization technique. Another two computer programs with FORTRAN language, called Single Optimization Genetic Algorithm (SOGA) and Multi Optimization Genetic Algorithm (MOGA), have been established to apply the mathematical formulation of single objective and multi-objectives genetic algorithms respectively and mounted on MODFLOW subroutine for the groundwater flow modeling.
The thesis conclusion: The results of calibrated model indicate that the hydraulic conductivity of the Nubian aquifer ranged from 5.75 to 9.25 m/d. A computer programming with FORTRAN language, named SOGA and MOGA has been originally established to apply the principles of single and multi-objectives genetic algorithm to study the groundwater resources management. The main advantage of the MOGA is possibility of linked the GA based optimization model with an external flow simulation model. The relative ease and efficiency of this linkage, compared to the linkage using a classical nonlinear optimization technique should facilitate a solution to large scale and complex groundwater management problems.