الفهرس 
INTERODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Objectives:
Determination the proper condition for extracting jojoba oil using laboratory scale hydraulic press unit and choose the best seed pre-treatments, the proper applied pressure and the holding time for the extraction process.
Methods & Results
Fresh jojoba seeds were used for the experimental work. It was harvested at moisture content of about ( 7 % ±1 d. b ), and the experimental work was carried out under two different seeds conditions (whole and crushed seeds) under six different applied pressures (61, 123, 184, 246, 307 and 368, kg/cm2) and six different holding times (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120, min), and the Equipment and Measuring Instruments is crushing unit - hydraulic press unit - digital vernier caliber - digital balance – sieves - stop watch - bulk density meter - repose angle meter - Digital hardness force gauge - Drying oven -Soxhlet apparatus - laboratory apparatus for measuring porosity. Maximum percentage of extracted oil was obtained at heating temperature of 60 oC and holding time of 30 min, and The mesh size of 8 and 10 meshes showed the best particle size of crushed seeds. At all levels of holding time, the percentage of extracted oil increased with the increase of applied pressure. At all levels of the applied pressure, the oil extraction percentage increased with the increase of holding time. At all levels of applied pressure and holding time, the crushed seeds recorded higher extracted oil percentage in comparison with the whole seeds. At all levels of holding time, the percentage of remaining oil decreased with the increase of the applied pressure. At all levels of applied pressure, the remaining oil percentage decreased with the increasing of holding time. The extraction efficiency increased with increase of applied pressure at all levels of holding times.
Conculusion
Heating jojoba seeds (whole & crushed) at temperature of 60 oC for 30 min are recommended for increasing the extraction percentage. Seeds crushing to a particle diameter of 2 to 2.36 mm are recommended to increase the average percentage of jojoba oil extraction. The applied pressure of 368 bar and holding time of 120 min are recommended for maximum extraction percentage of jojoba oil.