الفهرس 
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Abstract
The objective of this work was to produce better heavy bearing alloy for industrial applications and improve sliding bearing alloys which used in marine and automotive.
To verify this aim we do the following:-
Melt spinning technique was used to prepare tin- antimony- lead based alloy with adding 1, 3, 5 wt% of copper alloying element then study and analyze microstructure, electrical resistivity, elastic modulus, Vickers hardness number, internal friction and creep behavior of these alloys using different experimental techniques (x-ray diffraction to study structure, double bridge method to measure electrical resistivity, dynamic resonance technique to measure elastic modulus, internal friction and Vickers microhardness tester, FM-7, to measure Vickers hardness number).
from this studying it’s obvious that:-
1.The Sn (30-x)%Pb 10%Sb x%Cu and Sn 11%Sb (9-x) %Pb x%Cu (where X=0, 1, 3 and 5%) alloys consists of body-centered tetragonal tin phase (ß-Sn), fcc Pb (α-Pb) and SnSb & Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compounds with dissolved atoms imbedded in ß-Sn matrix.
2.Values of electrical resistivity, elastic modulus, internal friction and Vickers hardness number of Sn (30-x)%Pb 10%Sb x%Cu and Sn 11%Sb (9-x) %Pb x%Cu (where X=0, 1, 3 and 5%) bearing alloys are changed after adding copper to Sn Sb Pb alloy.
3.The stress exponent values of Sn (30-x)%Pb 10%Sb x%Cu and Sn 11%Sb (9-x) %Pb x%Cu (where X=1, 3 and 5%) alloys are in the range of 2.11 to 2.75 and 2.89 to 8 depending on the composition of used alloy and that is agrees with the other pervious results.
from our work it’s concluded that:
1.All measured physical properties, (such as electrical resistivity, elastic modulus, and internal friction and Vickers hardness number) are affected by changing on ß-Sn matrix microstructural such as SnSb & Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compounds, dissolved atoms imbedded in it and phases crystal size.
2.The Sn 25%Pb 10%Sb 5%Cu quaternary sliding bearing alloy has better properties for marine and automotive.
3.The Sn 11%Sb 4%Pb 5%Cu quaternary heavy bearing alloy has better properties for industrial applications and eco-friendly.