الفهرس 
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Abstract
The epidemiology of the disease was investigated on 1647 sheep from different localities in Siwa oasis. Skin scrapings were collected from sheep showing signs of Sarcoptes infestation which was confirmed in 181 sheep after parasitological examination. The effect of seasonal variation on the prevalence of Sarcoptes was studied and the highest prevalence was detected in the winter also the effect of age on the prevalence of Sarcoptes was studied and the highest prevalence was detected in the sheep aging between 2 and 3 years.
DNA was isolated from Sarcoptes mites collected from sheep and goats in sympatric population in Siwa oasis using the hot shot plus thermal shock technique. PCR was performed on the samples using primer of Berilli followed by electrophoresis. The study revealed there was no substantial divergence between sheep-associated and goat-associated mite populations, indicating that they shared a common mitochondrial ancestor. Nine microsatellites were selected and analyzed with multiplex PCR from a total of 23 individual S. scabiei mites (21 from sheep and two from goats). It was found that Sarcoptes mites clustered distinctly as a result of geographical location and host population differences.
Therapeutic studies were done on two sheep models; male weaned lambs and pregnant ewes using a herbal formula prepared from volatile oils (aloe oil, clove oil and chamomile oil) with salicylic acid. The formula was applied on affected skin lesions in 3 doses every other day. Blood samples were taken before treatment, 3, 5 and 14 days post treatment for red and white blood cell counts and biochemical parameters measurement (total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea, SGOT and SGPT). There were no significant changes in the biochemical parameters measured among the groups studied in both models. However, the blood picture was modulated by the treatment in the two models as shown by the increase of the red blood cells count and the decrease of the white blood cells count. Skin biopsies were taken before treatment, 3, 5 and 14 days post treatment to determine the efficacy of the prepared formula. Normalization of skin along with hair regeneration was detected after treatment in the two studied models.