الفهرس 
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Abstract
exposed to Schistosoma mansoni parasitic antigens in utero may develop altered fetal immunity
that could affect subsequent responses to infection. This work is designed to study the change in
the immune response in young children living in S. mansoni endemic area and already were born
for schistosomiasis mansoni infected (or uninfected) mothers against schistosome antigens and
related idiotypes. Our population comprised 120 patients 23 infected mother infected children
(IMIC), 23 infected mother uninfected children (IMUC), 32 uninfected mother infected children
(UMIC) and uninfected 42 mother uninfected children (UMUC) groups. Eight unexposed,
uninfected, healthy individuals were enrolled as a control. Lymphocyte proliferation of IMIC
subjects in response to SEA stimulation was significantly higher than UMIC patients. UMUC
cells proliferation against SAWA have been increased significantly in comparison to IMUC.
Stimulation of PBMCs of different studied groups with SEA or Id revealed that Th1 cytokines
(IL-2, IFN-gamma) have no statistically significant different between IMIC and UMIC; IMUC
and UMUC. Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) produced as a result of SAWA stimulation
have no significant difference between IMIC and UMIC; IMUC and UMUC. Cellular response
showed that effect of mother infection in outcome of immune response of offspring in long term
may be decline or lost, however may be other factors control that response in the children.
Humoral immune responses for children against S. mansoni antigens were determined. Except
that IgG4 against SEA was significantly elevated in IMUC group in comparison with UMUC,
no statistically significant difference were detected in different types of antibodies between
groups of children of infected and uninfected mothers. In conclusion, evaluation of impact of
mother infection during time of pregnancy in outcome of the immune response of offspring in
long term showed that children living in S. mansoni endemic area and born to infected mother
have the same immune response against schistosome parasite in compare to children born to
non infected mother