الفهرس 
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Abstract
Background and objectives: In some clinical circumstances, sections of bone must be removed, and replaced with biocompatible materials that allow subsequent bone formation. Because hydroxyapatite (HA) has good bio-affinity, stimulates osteoconduction, and is slowly replaced by the host bone after implantation, it is used as a bone substitute. Based on the fact that bone tissue manifests electric potentials both in normal and pathological states. There are 3 major types of application direct, capacitive and inductive methods. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of capactively applied electrical stimulation solo or with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft in mandibular defect healing in guinea pigs.
Material and methods:- Bilateral submental induced bony cavities of the same size were prepared for ninety six adult male guinea pigs (450-500 gm) that divided into four equal groups. In group I and III the cavities were left out without filling, while those of group II, IV were filled with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone graft “NanoBone®”. Only III and IV groups were electrically stimulated. The mandible of each animal was dissected out after 1,2,4,6 weeks and divided into its right and left sides. The right side specimens were processed for Heamatoxylin & eosin and Masson’s Trichrome staining (upon which the histomorphometrical analysis was conducted) while that of the left side were subjected to Vicker’s microhardness test, and the results were statistically evaluated.
Results: The quality and quantity of newly formed bone was better and more prominent in electrical stimulation group (III and IV), rather than in control group(I and II). Statistical results for the histomorphometric analysis and Vicker’s hardness test revealed a significant difference between the different groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The use of electrical stimulation with or without Naonobone® in mandibular bone defect leads to improved bone quality and quantity.