الفهرس 
COPDOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Two hundred twenty patients with COPD requiring MV due to respiratory failure were admitted to the ICU of Menoufiya Chest Department during the period from September 2009 to September 2011 were recruited. The selected patients of the study were divided into two groups; survivors and non-survivors. *All the selected patients will be subjected to the following:- 1. Complete history taking with a special stress on; the age, the gender, the smoking index, the cause of respiratory failure, previous mechanical ventilation and long-term use of corticosteroids. 2.Thorough clinical examination with special stress on body mass index (BMI) and signs of respiratory failure and/or other organ failure. 3.Routine laboratory investigation as a part of general assessment: a.Complete blood picture (CBC). b.Random blood sugar. c. Liver function tests. d.Serum albumin level. e.Renal function tests. f.Serum electrolytes. g.C-reactive protein (CRP). h.Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).4. Arterial blood gases (ABG) and assessment of A-a O2 difference and PaO2/FiO2. 5.Chest X-ray, ECG, echocardiography and abdominal ultrasonography. 6.APACHE III score measured 6 h after intubation. 7. Length of hospital stay (LOS), duration of; intensive care unit (ICU) stay, mechanical ventilation and weaning. 8.Determinants of ventilation [Vt, f, VE and respiratory muscle assessment by NIF, PEF recorded three times;• 6 h after the initiation of mechanical ventilation.At the onset of weaning. Immediately before extubation attempt. 9.Charlson index.