الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Endocrine emergencies represent a group of potentially lifethreatening conditions that are frequently overlooked. They include:- Diabetic emergencies: (most common endocrinal crisis) Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA): DKA is a complex disordered metabolic state characterized by hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and ketonuria. DKA mainly occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes. Many complications may occure in DKA either from the disease it self or from treatment. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS): HHS most commonly occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Most patients present with severe dehydration and focal or global neurologic deficits, detection and treatment of an underlying illness are critical. In general it is close similar to DKA. Hypoglycemia coma: is a reversible form of coma found in people with hypoglycemia. Pituitary apoplexy: Hemorrhage or infarction of pituitary gland mostly pituitary adenomas causing suppression of hormones secretion leading to hormonal deficiencies. Thyroid gland emergencies: Thyroid storm: Thyroid storm is almost fatal if left untreated. So rapid diagnosis and aggressive treatment are critical. Summary 152 Myxedema Coma: The condition occurs in patients with long- standing, untreated hypothyroidism. The first 24-48 hours are critical. If the diagnosis is considered, immediate and aggressive treatment to lower high rate of mortality. Parathyroid gland disorders: - Hypercalcaemic crisis - Hypocalcaemic tetany Adrenal gland emergencies: Pheochromocytoma: It is a catecholamine or their metabolite-secreting tumor, Catecholamines typically secreted, either intermittently or continuousl, include norepinephrine and epinephrine, rarely, dopamine is secreted. Acute adrenal insufficiency: It is an extreme life-threatening it should be suspected in patients with unexplained hypotension and fluid or catecholamine-resistant hypotension. |