الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most common procedures performed by orthopaedic surgeons that was improved significantly over the last several decades. Recently the value of anatomic ACL reconstruction has taken the focus of interest to restore anatomy and obtain physiologic kinematics of the knee joint and improve clinical outcomes.This study was done in Menoufia University, Orthopedics department and Anatomy department. Four cadaveric knees were dissected to show the anatomy of the ACL and to compare between transtibial technique and transportal techniques of ACL reconstruction. Also 20 femoral dry bones and 10 tibial dry bones were investigated to study femoral and tibial tunnels placement in the anatomic single bundle and double bundle ACL reconstruction, and to study the possibility of using RIGID_FIX cross pins for fixation in anatomic ACL reconstruction.This study showed that transtibial technique can’t achieve anatomic position for tunnels placement, while transportal technique can do that in both single and double bundle reconstruction. Also RIGID_FIX pins can be used for fixation in tunnels performed through medial portal but with certain precautions to avoid injury of vascular structures. Entry of the cross pins from medial side may be safer but modifications to the set of instruments should be done before final recommendation.