الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This investigation was carried out in the tissue culture laboratory of Potato and Vegetatively Propagated Crops Department, Horticulture Research Institute (H.R.I.), during the period of 2004-2008 to study the following points: 1. the effect of using different combinations of growth regulators with different concentrations on root tip differentiation into direct shoots of ‘Balady’ and Sids-40 clone. 2. the effect of gamma ray doses (0, 3, 5 and 8 Gy) on root tip differentiation of EgaSeed1 and EgaSeed2. 3. the effect of different doses of gamma rays (0, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 and 14 Gy) on the in vitro bulblets of six garlic genotypes including three cultivars (‘Balady’,‘American ’and ‘Omani ’) and three clones (Sids-40, EgaSeed¬1 and EgaSeed2) on a bulblets production medium (MS + 120 g/l sucrose + 5 g/l activated charcoal + 0.1 mg BA/l). 4. the storage ability of the in vitro produced bulblets stored in a growth chamber at 25° C during four months of storage.5. the effect of using gamma irradiation in induction of mutation using random amplified polymorphic and analysis (RAPD). 6. the performance of the obtained bulbls under field conditions.
The resent results indicated that, ‘Balady’ significantly produced more shoots higher than Sids-40 clone on medium containing 0.2 mg/l NAA + 2.0 mg/l BA. EgaSeed1 and EgaSeed2 took the same behavior which was poor in number of shoot/root tip and shoot length. All used genotypes were able to produce in vitro bulblets on the bulblets production medium. Although the dose of 5 Gy increased number of bulblets/jar, bulblets diameter and bulblets fresh weight, with increasing doses of gamma ray i.e., 8, 10, 12 and 14 Gy the number of bulblets/jar was decreased for both ‘Balady’ and Sids-40 clone. In addition the dose of 3 Gy improved number of bulblets/jar, bublets diameter and bulblet fresh weight for Egaseed1 and EgaSeed2 clones. The dose of 8 Gy improved the storage ability whereas the percentage of bulblets weight loss was the lowest value with 8 Gy. At the end of storage period (after 4 months) the bulblets were healthy and suitable for being transferred to the open field. The random amplified polymorphic and analysis (RAPD) was done to confirm the genetic background of irradiated and unirrdiated garlic genotypes. RAPD analysis indicated that the six garlic genotypes were different in number of bands and this was attributed to the gamma ray doses. The field evaluation of the in vitro bulblets showed that ‘Balady’ was superior Sids-40 clone in plant height and number of leaves/plant. There were no significant differences between EgaSeed1 and EgaSeed2 in these characters. Moreover the dose of 3 and 5 Gy improved plant height and number of leaves/plant for EgaSeed1 and EgaSeed2. In addition, the dose of 5 Gy enhanced plant height and number of leaves/plant for ‘Balady’ and Sids-40 clone. ‘Omani’ was the highest in plant height and number of leaves/plant followed by ‘Balady’, ‘American’. and finally Sids-40 clone.
Key words: Allium sativum L., bulblet storage ability, direct shoot organogenesis, field
evaluation, Garlic, in vitro bulblets production, RAPD analysis