الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The most commonly accepted definition of the term infertility is the failure to conceive (regardless of the cause) after 1 year of unprotected intercourse. Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples of reproductive age. Its prevalence has been stable during the past 50 years, although a shift in etiology and in the age of the patient population has occurred. On the other hand fertility is defined as the capacity to reproduce or the state of being fertile. This term should be differentiated from fecundability, which is the probability of achieving a pregnancy each month, and fecundity, which is the ability to achieve a live birth within one menstrual cycle. The fecundability rate in the general population is rather constant. (Garcia et al, 2004) The ovary contains approximately 400,000 eggs at menarche from which one is ovulated during each menstrual cycle. Ovarian disease can cause the lack of ovulation (anovulation), irregular ovulation or reduction in egg quality. Sometimes, ovulation does not occur due to hormonal imbalances e.g. hyperprolactinemia or other conditions can cause ovarian dysfunction, which include anorexia, stress, excessive exercise & age. Rarely, a woman may be born with one or no ovaries. |