الفهرس 
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Abstract
Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common reasons for admission in neonates and young infants . Physiological jaundice occurs in first week of life in 60% of term and 80% of premature neonates. Non physiologic or pathologic jaundice occurs due to underlying disease. The causes of neonatal jaundice are numerous ,and may include infections, hemolytic ,metabolic and endocrine disorders. Urinary tract infection is seen in 5 to 11% of febrile neonates under 8 weeks of age . Previous studies have found that jaundice may be one of the initial symptoms related to urinary tract infection (UTI) in neonates. The Clinical manifestations of urinary tract infection (UTI) in neonates are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic to severe systemic infection. Fever or temperature instability, decreased activity, poor feeding, and jaundice are common nonspecific findings among infected neonates. Neonates often have failure to thrive, feeding problems, and vomiting, beside the fever. This study was done on 105 newborns with neonatal jaundice that admitted in the NICU in Al-Ahrar hospital , Zagazig City, Sharqia Governorate. Period from January to August 2012. Newborns who were excluded were jaundiced patients more than four weeks of age. - 90 - Summary A total of 105 jaundiced neonates were enrolled. Among them, 6 cases (5.7%) were grouped into the UTI group, and 99 neonates (94.3%) were grouped into the non-UTI group. The majority of the studied cases (84 neonates) were in the age group <8 days , and 65 neonates of them were males . All male neonates were uncircumcised. 83 % of the studied cases (87 neonates) were delivered by Cesarean section (CS). Most of the studied neonates had no past history of maternal infections. The mean body weight was 3.0 ± 0.39 kg and 2.88 ± 0.64 kg in the patients with and without UTI, respectively. The mean gestational age on admission was 38.6 ± 0.7 weeks and 38.5 ± 0.8 weeks, respectively. The mean serum level of total bilirubin was 16.78 ± 2.29 mg/dL and 12.6 ± 3.26 in the patients with and without UTI, respectively. The most common blood group in all neonates and their mothers were A ( 32 % ) , A ( 30% ) respectively . This study showed that most of neonates with UTI ( 4 out of 6) 67% were males and 2 (33%) were females. The mean gestational age for UTI-group at admission was 38.6 ± 0.7. The mean body weight was 3.0 ± 0.39 kg. Regarding the isolated microorganisms, E.coli was the most common organism cultured in 4 cases out of 6 (67%), and the second most common organism was Klebsiella species. Our study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between positive and negative UTI groups as regards gestational age , weight on admission , mode of delivery , maternal blood - 91 - Summary groups, neonatal blood groups or history of maternal infections (maternal UTI and PROM ) . Therefore, performing urinary tests to exclude the possibility of coincidental UTI may be necessary for admitted jaundiced neonates younger than 4 weeks old. from this study we can conclude that : The incidence of UTI in the admitted neonates with hyperbilirubinemia was approximately 5.7%. The most common cultured bacterium in urine was E coli. Therefore, performing urinary tests to exclude the possibility of coincidental UTI may be necessary for admitted jaundiced neonates .