الفهرس 
HysteroscopyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Office hysteroscopic examination is now an established step in the diagnostic work up of cases with abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and recurrent miscarriage that can be performed safely and efficiently without anesthesia in most cases.
Hysteroscopy offers great assistance for the interpretation of uncertain findings from other diagnostic methods. Furthermore it enables direct visualization of cervical canal, uterine cavity and increase the precision and accuracy in the diagnosis of intrauterine abnormalities .
This study aimed at assessment of the prevalence and types of uterine defects in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) through -hysteroscopy.
This study was conducted in Ain Shams Maternity hospital (outpatient clinic for RPL) during the period between July 2010 and February 2011. 100 non-pregnant patients with a history of three or more consecuative unexplained 1st- and 2nd-trimester miscarriages before 20 weeks.
All patients had normal complete blood count , urine analysis and none was a carrier of Neisseria gonorrhea or Chlamydia trachomatis., lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies were negative, all of the parteners had a normal semen analysis.
It was found that The mean age was 30.1± 6 years range: 18-43 years). The mean prior deliveries was 1±0.3 (range: 0-3), the mean of previous miscarriages was 4± 1.6 (range: 3 – 12).
In this study (48%) of patients had 3 previous miscarriages, (24%) had 4 previous miscarriages. (17%) had 5 previous miscarriages, while (11%) had more than 5 previous miscarriages.
This study shows that (74%) had recurrent first trimester miscarriages, while (15%) had recurrent second trimester miscarriages.
It was also found that hysteroscopic findings were found in (29%). Uterine anomalies was present in (16%), including uterine septum in (11%), bicornuate uterus in (3%), and unicornuate uterus in (2%). Endometrial polyps were present in (3%). Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) were present in (7%), while submucous myomas were present in (3%).
The highest percentage of cases showed normal hysteroscopic findings (71%), uterine septum was the most frequent finding (11%) while unicornuate uterus was the least frequent finding (2%).
There was no significant association between recurrent second trimester miscarriages with any hysteroscopic findings, age or parity, however there was significant association between recurrent first trimester miscarriages with age.
Also there was significant association between patients with 3 consecutive miscarriages with submucous myoma.
from the above, It is concluded that SUAs were detected in nearly 29% of patients with recurrent miscarriages, hysteroscopy has much to offer in the diagnosis of SUAs, for this reason it should be systematically assessed in patients with a history of recurrent miscarriages.