الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Our study was carried out in Sohag University Hospital on (200) patients had admitted to Internal Medicine Department and all patients was divided into two groups :
Group(1)-Patients known to be diabetic (162)patients 81% .
Group(2)-Patients newly discovered by screening test (38) patients 19%.
Group (1) patients was subjected to
1- Complete medical history
oComplaint &Present History.
oTherapeutic History .
oPast History .
oFamily History .
2-Careful clinical examination .
3-Investigation in the form of :
1 -Random capillary blood glucose measurement.
2 -HbA1c measurement.
3 -Renal function(serum creatinine).
4 -Liver function(enzymes).
5 -Urine analysis.
6 -Serum lipogram..
Group (2) patients was subjected to
o Diabetes Screening .
The results of the study were:-
1. 19 % of the studied population are newly discovered & 81% of them are previously diagnosed to be diabetics.
2. This study show that smoking affect on the level of HbA1c as, About 24% (48 patients)of the studied population are smokers 84 % of them have HbA1c > 8 ,and About 69 % (138 patients) of the studied population are not smokers,65% of them have accepted level of HbA1c.
3. As the duration of DM increase the level of HbA1c increase.
4. There is significant statistical relation between level of HbA1c and educational level (p value < 0.05) .
5. Activity and regular exercise improve glyceamic control.
6. Our study states that level of HbA1c is affected directly by the compliance of the patients which is affected by many factors,(age,educational level, socioeconomic condition,quality of life).
7. Most Diabetics in our study have accepted and desirable values of lipid profile.
8. As the duration of DM increase the prevelance of ischeamia and arrythmia in ECG finding in diabetic patients increase.
conclusion:-
1. Smoking is a major risk factor for diabetes as stated by many studies.
2. Glyceamic control is affected by the duration of diabetes.
3. Lower socio-economic class, categorized either by occupational or educational level, was an additional risk factor for diabetes, these subjects should have increased priority for health education and regular diabetes screening.
4.Activity and regular exercise improve glyceamic control.
5. The level of HbA1c is affected directly by the compliance of the patients which is affected by many factors,(age,educational level, socioeconomic condition,quality of life).