الفهرس 
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Abstract
The existence of parasites (Fasciola spp. and metacestodes) among slaughtered animals was studied in upper-Egypt governorates (Qena, Sohag and Aswan abattoirs). A total number of 5388 cattle, 1192 buffaloes, 142 camels, 1244 sheep and 41 goats were examined during the period extended from April 2007 till the end of March 2008.
The incidence of Faciola spp. among slaughtered animals (sheep, goats, buffaloes, cattle and camels) was 5.9%, 4.87%, 4.7%, 3.8% and 0%, respectively. In Aswan, buffaloes were most susceptible for Fasciola spp. 8.57% followed by sheep 8.16%, cattle 7.89% and goat 7.7%. while in Qena and Sohag, sheep were most susceptible for Fasciola spp. 5.82% and 4.91%, followed by buffaloes 5.1% and 3.17% and cattle 3.32% and 2.38%, respectively. Female animals (goats, sheep, cattle and buffaloes) were more susceptible for Faciola spp. 20%, 15.9%, 9.54% and 9.27% than males 2.7%, 2%, 3.6% and 3.7%, respectively. Older animals (cattle, goats, sheep and buffaloes), over two years old, were more susceptible for Fasciola spp. 20.5% , 20%, 17.37% and 10.15% than younger animals , less two years old, 3.18% , 2.7%, 1.23% and 3.58%, respectively. The highest prevalence rate of Fasciola spp. in cattle, buffaloes, sheep were found in winter 5.1%, 5.69% and 6.77% followed in decreasing order by spring 4.3% , 5.2% and 6.02%), autumn 3.2%, 4.3% and 5.9% and summer 3.1%, 3.7% and 4.7%, respectively.
By the routine meat inspection of slaughtered animals, four types of metacestodes ( Cysticercus bovis, Cysticercus ovis, Hydatid cyst and Cysticercus tenuicollis) were detected.
Cysticercus bovis revealed 1.4% and 0.58% among slaughtered cattle and buffaloes, respectively. The higher incidence rate of Cysticercus bovis in slaughtered cattle and buffaloes was recorded in Qena 1.51% and 0.67% followed by Aswan 1.47% and 0% and Sohag 1.19 and 0.52%, respectively. Females of slaughtered cattle and buffaloes were more susceptible for Cysticercus bovis 2.01% and 1.03% than males 1.48% and 0.5%, respectively. Older cattle and buffaloes, over two years old, were more susceptible for Cysticercus bovis 2.5% and 0.89% than younger animals , less two years old, 1.4% and 051%, respectively. The highest prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in cattle and buffaloes were found during spring 2.03% and 0.91% which began to decline in summer 1.93% and 0.56% , autumn 1.19% and 0.36% and winter 0.99% and 0.4%, respectively. Heart was the most predilection seats of Cysticercus bovis in cattle and buffaloes 0.9% and 0.58%, respectively, followed by masseter muscles 0.35%, tongue 0.12% and lastly the gluteal muscle 0.05% in cattle only.
Cysticercus ovis revealed an incidence rate of 0.32% in slaughtered sheep. It was recorded only in Qena 0.35%. Females of slaughtered sheep were more susceptible for Cysticercus ovis 0.86% than males 0.33%. Also older sheep, over two years old, were more susceptible for Cysticercus ovis 0.56% than younger animals, less two years old, 0.22%. The highest prevalence of Cysticercus ovis in sheep was found during spring 0.82% which began to decline in summer 0.31%, autumn 0% and winter 0%. Hearts were the only predilection seats of Cysticercus ovis in slaughtered sheep 0.32%.
Hydatid cyst among slaughtered camels, goats and sheep revealed the incidence rate of 12%, 2.43% and 0.56%, respectively. While it was not recoded in cattle and buffaloes. The higher incidence rate of Hydatid cyst in camels and sheep were recorded in Aswan 13.82% and 2% followed by Qena 8.75% and 0.52% and Sohag 7.69% and 0%, respectively. Females of slaughtered camels and sheep were more susceptible for Hydatidosis 80% and 1.45% than males 9.5% and 0.22%, respectively. Older camels, over five years old, were more susceptible for Hydatid cyst 55.55% than younger animals, less than five years, 9%. Also older sheep, over two years old, were more susceptible for Hydatid cyst 1.7% than younger animals, less than two years, 0.11%. The highest seasonal prevalence rate of Hydatid cyst in slaughtered camels and sheep was noted in autumn season 19% and 1.11% followed by winter season 15% and 0.67% and the lowest prevalence rate was recoded in summer and spring seasons (5.88% and 0.31%) , (3.84% and 0.27%), respectively. The distribution of Hydatid cyst in different organs of the examined camels and sheep, cysts in camels were found in lungs 88.2% more than livers 5.9% but in sheep cysts were found in livers 85.7% more than in lungs 14.28%. While mixed infection of both lungs and livers in camel was 5.9% but in sheep, mixed infection of both lungs and livers was not found.
Cysticercus tenuicollis recorded an overall incidence of 17% and 13.1% in slaughtered goats and sheep, respectively. The higher incidence rate of Cysticercus tenuicollis in sheep and goat was recorded in Aswan 16.32% and 25% followed by Qena 13.3% and 15.15% and the lowest rate was recorded in Sohag 6.55% and 0%, respectively. Female of slaughtered sheep and goats were more susceptible for Cysticercus tenuincollis 19.13% and 20% than males 10.78% and 16.66%, respectively. Older sheep and goats , over than two years, were more susceptible for Cysticercus tenuincollis 19.37% and 20% than younger animals, less than two years, 10.63% and 14.28%, respectively. The highest seasonal prevalence rate of Cysticercus tenuincollis in slaughtered sheep and goats was noted in autumn season 18.14% and 20% followed by winter season 13.55% and 18.2% and the lowest prevalence rate was recoded in summer and spring seasons (9.87% and 12.5%) , (11.78% and 14.3%), respectively. The infestation rate of Cysticercus tenuincollis in different organs of sheep and goats, the cysts had a tendency to be located in the omentum than any other organs which was 74.2% and 71.1% this is followed by the mesentery 10.4% and 14.3%, liver 10.42% and 14.3% of sheep and goats respectively and urinary bladder 3.o6%, diaphragm 1.2% and lung 0.9% in sheep only.