الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A fundamental problem in science is the problem of obtaining a mathematical model of a physical system or process. Usually a scientific theory developed by the theoretician Postulates. A mathematical model, based perhaps on some physical laws; and this model reasonably represents the process under onsideration.It is then ssible to make a prediction from the model, or design controls for the process so that it functions in some desirable manner. 59 far the largest class of mathematical models are those given in terms of differential equations.