الفهرس 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
evaluate the fracture resistance of all ceramic crowns as affected by two different construction techniques (pressing and machine milling technique) and two adhesive luting cements (chemical cured and dual cured cement). In this laboratory-based experimental study, 20 symmetric crowns from each IPS e.max press and IPS e.max CAD system were constructed on a mandibular first premolar teeth with 2mm occlusal reduction and deep chamfer finishing line by CNC milling machine . The core thickness was 0.8 mm with 4mm in height and porcelain was placed over the core using the layering technique[1.2mm in thickness and 6mm in height]. Each of the crowns was cemented onto the prepared teeth using Dual cure (Variolink II) cement and chemical cured (multilink) cement. Then the samples were applied cyclic compressive fatigue test at 1000 load cycles was determined by testing according to the staircase or up and down method.