الفهرس 
Radiiolloggiiccall anattomyyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The wrist is a complex joint. It is the most commonly injured joint in the human body because of its great mobility and function.
Wrist pain is a common clinical complaint attributed to many causes including intracapsular & extracapsular abnormalities involving avascular necrosis, ganglia, TFC lesions, ligaments lesions, DRUJ lesions, arthritis, fractures, neoplasms, tendinopathy &neuropathy lesions. The aim of this essay is to evaluate the role of different radiological modalities including plain X-ray, ultrasound (US) ,computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Plain radiographs of the hand and wrist are still, in this era of cross-sectional imaging, of great importance in the assessment and understanding of bone and joint disorders, particularly in the setting of trauma. Indeed postero-anterior and lateral views have to be completed with additional projections depending on the suspected lesion and clinical presentation.
Ultrasonography has high sensitivity and accuracy in detecting signs of inflammation and destruction in wrist joint, also in cases of inflammation or carpal tunnel syndrome. It is also useful for the evaluation of the flexor and extensor tendons in diagnosis of tenosynovitis. There are a lot of limitations in the use of musculoskeletal ultrasound such as being operator-dependent & also bone lesions cannot be readily imaged because of the sound wave scattering which occurs at the soft tissue/bone interface.
CT permits high resolution imaging of the wrist. CT has been primarily used for examination & characterization of subtle or complex carpal fractures.
MRI provides unique anatomic information which makes it an effective modality to determine the cause of the common pathologic lesions of the wrist e.g. avascular necrosis, ganglion cysts, triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, ligamentous tears, DRUJ subluxation, rheumatoid arthritis, fractures, soft tissue masses, tenosynovitis and carpal tunnel syndrome. MRI is superior in the evaluation of bone marrow and soft tissues.
MRI has a dramatic impact on the diagnosis and assessment of variety of wrist disorders. It is non invasive and ideal modality to demonstrate the complex anatomy and pathological conditions of the wrist.
However, plain X-ray, ultrasound & computed tomography add valuable diagnostic aid in particular lesions.