الفهرس 
General IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The NAVSTARglobal positioning system(GPS) is a satellite based navigation system designed especially for real-time three dimensional positioning (X, Y, Z). The GPS coordinates of the cameras stations can be integrated in a photogrammetric independent models or bundle block adjustement leading to great reduction in the requirement of ground control points.The aimes of this thesis was to incorporate the GPS additional observations in the block adjustment, to analyse the quality of the combined systemwith artificial and real data and to establish the attainable reduction of ground controls by the introduction of the GPS camera positions in the photogrammetric block adjustment. For this purpose a cobined adjustment program system ( CAPS-7) for independent models based on the simultaneous determination of the 7 orienation paramters was developed, this was achived by extansive modifications of the ITC BAWIM program.
The introduction of GPS data into independent model block adjustment is done extending the mathematical model in such a way that the GPS coordinates are related to the block coordinate system in a strip invariant way by constant, linear and quadratic transformation parameters. Tests of assessing the statistical significance of the parameters were designed and performed.
Extensive expertiments have been made on simulated and real blocks in order to investigate their accuracy performance, by variation of the essential project parameters such as : block size, cotrol configuration, weight ratio between photogrammetric data and both GPS and terrestrial data, taking also into account the the constant,linear and quadratic terms for the GPS modelling.
The experimental results were evaluated by the absolute accuracies expressed by root mean square errors ( RMSE) computed from residuals at check points.
The results of the tests on the statistical significance of GPS parameters shown that the quadratic term is not significants, when the quadratic ter is introduced in the adjustment this deteriorates the results. An improvement up to 70% of the absolute accuracy in height as well as in planimetry observed, when the GPS data are used in the block adjustment with constant and linear correction term. The ground control configuration which can be proposed as the minimum control configuration in the combined adjustment is 4 horzontal ground points located in the block corners, and two chains of vertical control points one at the beginning and one at the end of the block.
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