الفهرس 
IntropductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Prolonged tracheal intubation is associated with increased laryngeal
injury, glottic and subglottic stenosis and tracheal injury such as tracheal
stenosis
The aim of this study was to identify the pathological changes in the
trachea due to endotracheal intubation.
This descriptive prospective cross sectional study was conducted
among a total of 25 patients admitted to the intensive care unts, of Suez
Canal University Hospitals and intubated for different periods of time and
tracheostomy operation was planned for them and fulfilling certa.n inclusion
and exclusion criteria, during 6 months. Tracheostomy was performed to all
patients with excision of samples of the trachea. The part of the trachea
which is removed during tracheostomy was histopathologicaly examined.
Mean age was 57.04 years old. Most of the studied patients were
males (72%). The most common cause of admission among the studied
patients was stroke (72%). Other causes included traumatic brain injury,
laryngeal mass, COPD exacerbation and respiratory failure and status
epilepticus. The most commonly used tube was 7.5 mm in size (used in 76%
of patients). Mean duration of intubation was 11.32 days. 80% of patients
were intubated for more than 1 week.
The. most common histopathological finding is inflammation (64%)
and ulceration (48%). Fibrosis was found among 16% of patients, and 20%
of patients had evidence of cartilage necrosis.
There was no statistically significant relation between cause of
admission and the histopathological findings. Also, there was no statistically
significant relation between sex of the patients and the histopathological
findings.
The present study showed that there was no statistically significant
relation between size of tube and the histopathological findings.
All histopathological findings were more prevalent among patients
intubated for more than 1 week but without statistically significant
difference except in case of ulceration. Non of patients intubated for less
than 1 week has any evidence of ulceration, atrophy of submucosal glands,
metaplasia, necrosis of cartilage or fibrosis.
Our results have shown that patients with histopathological evidence
of inflammation have significantly older age than patients without. Other
histopathological findings didn’t show any significant association with older
age.
In conclusion, we have found that prolonged endotracheal intubation
is associated with various histopathological changes ranging from erosion of
the epithelium to necrosis of cartilage and fibrosis.
The most common histopathological changes in the trachea due to
endotracheal intubation were inflammation and ulceration Older age and
longer duration of intubation may be associated with higher incidence of
these complications.