الفهرس 
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Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
Increased oxidative stress has been shown to be a prominent and early feature of
vulnerable neurons in AD. Exposure to oxidative stress induces the
accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn
causes cell damage in the form of protein, lipid, and DNA oxidations.
Our aim is to study the effect of salvia triloba and piper nigrum plant extracts on
the oxidative stress status in Alzheimer’s disease induced in rats.
Fifty rats were enrolled in this study and were classified into five groups (ten
each). Group 1: control group, group 2: AD group; group 3: AD group treated
with Rivastigmine in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg b. wt. as a reference drug daily for
three months; group 4: AD group treated with total extract of the aerial part of
Salvia triloba in a dose calculated according to result of chronic toxicity Study
(750 mg/kg b. wt. /day) daily for three months; group 5: AD group treated with
total extract of seeds of Piper nigrum in a dose calculated according to result
chronic toxicity Study (187.5 mg/kg b. wt. /day) daily for three months.
Induction of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was induced by oral administration of
aluminum chloride in a dose of 17 mg/kg b. wt. daily for one month. After three
months animals’ sera were collected and used to determine serum
malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, total antioxidant capacity and erythrocyte
superoxide dismutase.
The results indicated that extracts of Salvia & Piper as well as rivastigmine
improved serum antioxidants profile compared to AD group.
In conclusion, the used extracts have free radical scavenging antioxidants which
protect brain tissue from oxidative damage, and help to improve AD.
Key words: Alzheimer’s disease; oxidative stress; salvia triloba ; piper nigrum