الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
5. SIlMMARy AND CONCLUSION
The aim of this investigation was to find the most
suitable system which is technically available an economically
feasible for wheat crop production.
Four different seedbed-planting systems ill cOmbination
with harvesting techniques were evaluated through out this
study. They were defined as follow:-
l-Seedbed-planting systems:-
System-1:- Field operations were:- Chisel ploughing two
passes + rotary ploughing + laser levelling +
seed drilling.
System-2:- Field operations were:- Chisel ploughing two
passes + rotary ploughing + lase:t”levelling +
manual broadcasting.
System-3:- Field operations were:- Chisel ploughing two
passes + rotary ploughing + ’WoodE~nlevelling +
wooden ridging + seed drilling.
System-4:- Field operations were:- Chisel ploughing two
p~sses + wooden levelling + wooden ridging +
manual broadcasting.
2-Barvesting tec~que.:_
1- Combine harvester.
2- Mower +Thresher.
3- Manual sickle + Thresher.
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The experiment was conducted at the far.m of College of
Agriculture at Moshtohor, Benha Branch, Zagazi University,
Xalubia Governorate.
The experimental area was about 3 fedda s divided into
plots and strips to execute the different syst s.
Manual broadcasting was used for
system-4 at a rate of 60 kg seed/fed. While system-l and
system-3 seeddrill was used at a rate of 50 kg seed/fed. (Sakha
69 wheat variety was used).
Basin surface irrigation was applied for a 1 systems, and
water requirement was estimated.
Fertilizers was applied by manual
ing
Results
- Soil aggregatioD:-
System-l and 2 gave the lowest mean wei ht diameter,
1.4 cm, followed by system-3 and 4 where mean we·ght diameter
were 3.5 and 4.3 cm respectively.
- Soil roughness:-
The third and fourth systems, traditional levelling,
gave the lowest soil roughness (-101.77\),howeve ,the first
and second systems, laser levelling, gave higher
(-67.68%).
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-Irrigation water applied:-
The use of laser levelling reduced irrigation water
applied by 26 %. It was 1675 m3/fed. for system-lor system-2
compared with 2271 m3/fed. for system-3 or system-4.
-Crop stand & unifor.mity:-
Crop stand was measured twice, after germination and
before harvesting. At ger.mination stage crop stand was 164,
204, 168 and 163 plants/m2 for system 1,2,3 and 4 respectively.
System-1 gave the highest unifor.mity, 89%, followed by
system-3,4 and 2 where uniformity were 88%,84% and 83%
respectively.
Before harvesting system-1 gave highest number of
tillers/m2
, 434, followed by system-2,3 and 4 where tillers/m2
were 334, 332 and 246 respectively.
-Crop yield:-
System-1 gave highest yield (grain 2.5 ton/fed. and
straw 4.13 ton/fed.), followed by systems 2,3 and 4 where
grain & straw yields were, (2.08 & 3.8},(2.05 & 3.27} and (1.5
& 2.6) ton/fed. respectively.
-Grain 10888S:-
System-1 gave lowest grain 108888,82.5 kg/fed.,fol1owed
by sY8tem-2,3 and 4,where grain losses were 86.0~,127.4 and
133.06 kg/fed. re8pecti.-1y.
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On the other hand, combine harvester gave lowest grain
losses, 45.07 kg/fed., followed by manual sickle and mower,
where grain losses were 92.3 and 129.8 kg/fed. respectively.
-Production Cost:-
System-2 gave lowest production cost, L.E. 565.86 /fed
followed by system-1,4 and 3 where production cost were
575.40, 628.73 and 672.06 L.E/fed respectively.
-Net margin:-
System-1 gave highest margin,L.E 1299.8 /fed, followed
by system-2,3 and 4 where net margin were 925.7,762.15 and 262
L.E/fed.,respectively.