الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 68 |  |  |
| | | from | 68 | | |
Abstract
Tracheobronchial stenosis is a narrowing of the airway that can be congenital, traumatic, or most commonly, iatrogenic after prolonged endotracheal intubation. Symptoms include stridor. Dyspnea, cough, wheezes and respiratory distress. In sever cases complete obstuchion may occur, requiring continued intubation or tracheostomy the aim of endoscopic balloon dilatation is to dilate airway strictures with mininmal mucosal trauma by applying pressure to an area of stenosis the procedure is usually done under general anaesthesia and using direct laryngoscopic or bronchoscopic visualization – a balloon device is gently inflated, applying radial pressure circumferentially to the stricture. After dilatation, the balloon is deflated and device withdrawn. The procedure may be used in combination with other measures and techniques such as stent placement or laser ablation.The present work aimed to evaluate the Bronchoscopic Balloon dilatation in the management of tracheo bronchial stenosis.
The studied group included 20 patients who were subjected to full history taking. Clinical examination Routine laboratory investigation, radiologic evaluation using plain x-ray chest and C.T scan. Multisclice C.T then fibroptic Bronchoscopy examination under local anaesthesia.Bronchoscopic Balloon Dilatation to 20 patients was done the mean age of the patients ranged from 17-70 year with mean value of 50.5 ± 13.3 years. The patients were 9 males (45%) and 11 females (55%) twelve patients (60%) were non smokers, six (30%) were smokers and two (10%) Ex –smoker Dyspnea was the most common symptom in studied patients. It was present in 17 patients (85%) followed by stridor in 11 patients (55%) cough in 8 patients (40%) wheezes in 7 patients (35%) hemoptysis in 6 patients (30%) infection in 5 patients (25%) and chest pain in 2 patients (10%).
By fibroptic Bronchoscopic assessment trachea was affected in 16% patients (80%) Rt main Bronchus in 2 patients (10%) and both in 2 pts (10%) stricture was present in 11 patients (55%) extrinsic compression in 1 case(5%) and endoluminal lesion in 8 cases(40%).
The degree of obstruction was partial in 11 patients (55%) near total in 7 patients (35%) and total in 3 patients (15%).Regarding exploration distal to obstruction was positive in 14 patients (70%). The distance between the origin of the lesion from the origin of airway ranged from 0.5-8 cm with mean 1.70 ± 1.51 and the lesion extension varied from 0.5 – 2 cm with mean 1.03 ± 0.45. BBD was done to 20 patient all the patients had symptomatic relief and improved clinically and radiologically with no recurrence the follow up period ranged between 30-730 days with mean 272.5±228.21 days.Bronchoscopic Balloon dilatation to all 20 patients was done. Bronchosconic dilatation was performed in 5 (25%) cases and forceps removal of endoluminal masses in 5 (25%) cases. All the patients had symptomatic relief after BBD and The Disobstruction was complete in 11 (55%) airways and partial in 9 (45%) airways