الفهرس 
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Abstract
StJrvNARY
£1 - Q~a pltiin (in the western part of south Sinai)
extends from W~di Feiran ~t the North to Ras Mohamed at
the South, ~nd boardering by the Gulf of Suez at the west
and by the plateau ~t the east. The studied area has been sh
in the sentral part of El- Q~a plain.
Aerial photointerpretation techniques have been used
in studying lind classifying the soils of studied area. Four
main geomorphological units were recognized, they are
1- Coast~l plain (C): Low ripple sand dunes and marine
foreshore pl~in.
2- EI-Qaa plain (p): This main land type consists
of five submain land type;
(PI): Upper slope, moderately dissected, gently sloping,
stony and gravelly surfaces.
(P2): Lower slopes, slightly dissected,almost level, sand
sheet cover on the surf~ce.
(Pa): Wadi bottom.
(P3): Ridges
(Ps): Rock outcrops.
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3- Fans and outwash plain (G): This main land type
was divided into:
(G
I
): Moderately dissected, deposits derived from igneous
and metamorphic materials.
(GIl): Alluvial fans.
(G1Z): Alluvial coalescing fans.
(Gz) : Strongly dissected, deposits derived from
sedimentary materials.
(GZI): Alluvial fans.
(G
2Z
): Alluvial coalescing fans.
(GZ):; Outwash plain.
(G
31
): Moderately dissected, gently sloping to sloping.
(G
32
): Strongly dissected, sloping, with rock out crops.
4- The Miscellaneous land: This mainland type is
divided into:
(M
I
): Moderately dissected, igneous and metamorphic rocks,
relatively high hills with elongated valleys.
(M
2
): Strongly dissected, sedimentary rocks, elongated
relatively low bills.
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(m
21
) Straight steep to moderately steep slope.
(M
22
) Concave slope.
Twenty four soil profiles were taken to represent
the soils of the different geomorphological units.
Field and laboratory investigation reveal the presence
of two soil orders, namely ~~!l~Ql~, and ~~!l2l~£l~~
Two sUb-groups of the ~~!l~£l~, and one sub-group of ~!l2l~Q!~
were identified in the studied area. The Entisols include
!YEl£ To!!l~!!~~~!!’ g~!£l£ !2!!lQ!!~~~!! and ~l!~l£ I2!!1~!~
!~~~!~, while the ~!lgl!2!~ have !YE1£ g~!£lQ!!~lg!, only.
tains five families and six soil series.
The five families are:
1- Sandy skeletal, mixed, phyperthermic, calcareous.
2- Sandy skeletal over sandy, mixed, hyperthermic,
calcareous.
3- Sandy saver sandy skeletal, mixed, hyperthermic,
calcareous.
4- Coarse lowny over sandy, mixed, hyperthermic ,
calcareous.
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5- Coarse loamy skeletal over sandy skeletal,
hyperthermic, calcareous.
The sub-group 9!1£i~IQtLi~tlh~rr!c~ontains one family and on\
series.
1- Coarse loamy, mixed, hyperthermic.
The six series of the sub-agroup !YE1~T2!!12!!~~Ela~re:
1- Abu- Saweira sandy:
Undulating :gently sloping, moderately to deep
profiles soils of plains and alluvial fans, sandy over
loamy sand, the rest of the profile is sandy skeletal.
2- Safariat gravelly sand
Gently undulating, gently sloping, deep profile,
alluvial fans, gravelly sand over sandy skeletal
3- Wadi Araba gravelly sand:
Gently undulating, gently sloping, Wadi bottom,
deep profile, lowny sand over sandy skeletaly
structureless , massive; calcareous.
4- Wadi Mahash sandy :
Almost flat, gently sloping, Wadi bottom, deep
profiles, gravelly loamy sand massive over sandy skelet.
l , calcareous.
-,---,~-_.---~-_.-
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5- Isla sandy loam:
Undulating to gently undulating; sloping to moderately
steep; they are of concave slope of plateaU
with deep profile, lowny sand structureless massive
over sand to the depth of 7~ cm then gravellY layer.
6- Qurein sandy lown :
Almost flat to gently undulating, sloping, soils
of convex ridges and slightly dissected slope of El-Qaa
plain, deep p.oflle, sondy eloy loom to loamy sand st.oetureles
s
over gravellY loamy sand structurel
ess
massive.
The series of the sub-group Q~l£l£ I£!!iQ£!~~~i!s~:
1- Hemma sandy clay loam:
Gently undulating, gently sloping, Wadi bottoms
moderately deep profile, sandy clay lown structur~less
massive, over clay lown to sandy clay loIDTIstructureles
s
rna ss ive, extrere 1y hardan d the n , the rei sag ravel 1Y
layer after 70 cm de~th.
The sub-groUp of k!!hl£ IQ!!iQr!~~~c!on!tains
one series which is :
Gently undulating, sloping; alluvial fans, shallow
profile (Lithic eontoetl, grovelly loamy sond struetureles
s
massive, over gravellY and stony layer (fragmental).
On the other hand~the sub-groUP !I~icCa~io~!hi&! of
the order: Aridisols, contains nine different f~ilies
and ten seTies; the fmnilies are:
- --- --~~ ---- --------------_.- - - -- -’--
I. - 89 -
1- Clayey, carbonatic, hyperthermic.
2- Coarse laomy, over sandy, mixed, hyperthermic.
3- Coarse loamy, mixed, hyperthermic.
4- Sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic.
5- Sandy skeletal over fragmental, hyperthermic.
6- Sandy skeletal over sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic.
7- Sandy skeletal, siliceous, hyperthermic
B- Sandy over coarse loamy, siliceous, hyperthermic.
9- Sandy over clayey, mixed, hyperthermic.
The 10 different series are
1- Wadi El-Aawag silty clay
Gently undulating to rolling, gently sloping, deep
profile of alluvial fans and moderately dissected slope o[
El- Qaa plain, silty’ clay, strong medium angular and subangular
blocky, hard.
2- Ras Gara sandy lo~
Almost flat, gently sloping, deep profiles of coastal
plain, sandy lown, massive.
3. Wadi Hibran.sandY loam:
Undulating, gentl, Iloping to sloping,.many coarse
gravel on tbe surface, deep profile of-out”ad ,plain, sandy
loam, single gr.ains, loose .
.~~--~.- ... - ,--- -,- -,----
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4- Qabeli~t sandy loam:
Gently undulating to undulating, sloping to moderately
steep, moderate fine to coarse gravel on the surface,
deep profile of strongly dissected of outwash plain
with rock out crops, lomny sand, structurel
ess
, massive,
hard, over sand to the depth of 70 em, and gravelly layer
from 70- 120 em.
5- Hammam Musa sandy
Undulating, sloping to moderately steep, deep profile
of pediment plain, alluvial fans, and moderately
dissected slope of El- Qaa plain, sand to loamy sand,
structureless.
6. ~aqus gravelly sand:
Undulating, gentlY sloping, many gravel, stones and
boulders on the soil surface, deep profile of pediment
plain, gravelly loamy sand, over sandy skeletal.
7- Urnm - Gadar loamy sand:
It almost flat, gently sloping, deep profile of
alluvial fans; almost of the soil profiles is gravellY
loamy sand to loamy sand, structureless, massive.
---,_._-----------------~-----~-----------------
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8- Abu- Garf sandy :
It almost flat, gently sloping, deep profile of Wadi
bottom, lowny sand, structurelsS, massive over gravellY
loamy sand structureless, massive gravelly layer after
100 em depth.
9- Wigran sandy :
It almost flat to gently undulating, deep profile
of slightly dissected of £1- Qaa plain and Wadi bottom,
sandy, single grains, loose, over loamy sand, structureless,
massive.
10- Ras Raya sandy loam:
It almost flat, gently sloping,deep profile of
coastal plain soils, sandy loam structureless massive,
over sandy to lowmy sand over silty clay loam.